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. 2019 May 5;2019:5387850. doi: 10.1155/2019/5387850

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Copyright © 2019 Gabriel Romero Liguori et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Cell differentiation (7 days of culture). (a) Fluorescence staining for SM22α (red) and DAPI (blue) in the different wrinkle sizes of nano- (R1-R5) and microtopography (R6-R11) gradients, as well as in the flat PDMS control. (b) SM22α expression in ASC induced by TGF-β1 as the fold change of the unstimulated flat PDMS control. Black represents the flat PDMS control, red represents the nanotopography gradient, blue represents the microtopography gradient, and green represents R11; ^∗ p < 0.05 vs. TGF-β1-induced flat PDMS control. Values represent mean ± SEM of 3 independent experiments.