Table 1.

Roles of tissue-specific miRNAs in regulating lung cancer radiosensitivity

miRNA	Target	Effect	Response	Reference
miR208a	p21	Decreases cell apoptosis	Radioresistant	11
miR328-3p	γH2AX	Inhibits survival, predicts poor outcome of NSCLC patients	Radiosensitive	14
miR30a	ATF1	Inhibits DNA-damage repair, blocks G2/M arrest, and enhances radiation-induced apoptosis	Radiosensitive	15
miR101	ATM and DNA-PKcs	Inhibits DNA repair	Radiosensitive	16
miR1323	PRKDC	Enhances DNA-damage repair	Radioresistant	17
miR34a	RAD51	Regulates HR, inhibits DSB repair, miR34a delivery (MRX34) plus RT show therapeutic potential	Radiosensitive	18
miR25	BTG2	Increases apoptosis	Radiosensitive	22
miR29c	Bcl2 and Mcl1	Increases apoptosis, longer relapse-free survival of patients	Radiosensitive	24
miR122	IGF1R	Enhances DSBs, apoptosis, and anchorage-independent growth inhibition induced by IR	Radiosensitive	25
miR511	TRIB2	Inhibits cell growth, increased apoptosis and triggers Bax activation	Radiosensitive	26
miR95	SNX1	Decreases apoptosis	Radioresistant	27
miR124	STAT3	Enhances radiation-induced apoptosis	Radiosensitive	28
miR‐198	MET	Inhibits HGF–cMet signaling pathway, induces apoptosis	Radiosensitive	29
miR21	PDCD4	Decreases cell apoptosis, activates PI3K–Akt–mTOR pathway, shorter median survival time	Radioresistant	34,49
miR210	—	Promotes hypoxic phenotype and DSB repair	Radioresistant	35
miR148b	ROCK1	Inhibits proliferation and EMT and promotes cell apoptosis	Radiosensitive	38
miR200c	—	Activates EGFR-associated signaling, increases cell killing, and regulatesEMT	Radiosensitive	39
miR145	OCT4, SOX2, and Fascin 1	suppressed the proliferation of CSCs and improved radioresistance	Radiosensitive	41
miR21/95	—	Inhibit PTEN, SNX1, and SGPP1 expression and elevates Akt phosphorylation	Radioresistant	42
miR18a-5p	ATM and HIF1α	Inhibits DNA repair; predicts radiosensitivity	Radiosensitive	43
miR373	TIMP2	Regulates PI3K–Akt and Smad signaling pathways	Radioresistant	45
miR126	—	Promotes apoptosis	Radiosensitive	46
miR451	—	Enhances apoptosis, activates PTEN	Radiosensitive	47
miR99a	mTOR	Induces G1 arrest and apoptosis	Radiosensitive	48
miR9	NRP1	Regulates PI3K–Akt, MARK/RK, and NFκB pathways, and inhibits apoptosis	Radioresistant	50
miR9 and let-7	—	Suppresses NFκB1	Radiosensitive	51
miR15a/16	TLR1	TLR1–NFκB pathway, increases apoptosis	Radiosensitive	52
let-7a	—	Attenuates Kras expression	Radiosensitive	53
miR155	TP53INP1	Enhances IR-induced senescence and cell killing, regulates p53 and p38 MAPK pathways	Radiosensitive	54
miR214	FoxO4	Inhibits apoptosis and senescence and regulates p38 MAPK	Radioresistant	55

Abbreviations: NSCLC, non-small-cell lung cancer; RT, radiotherapy; IR, ionizing radiation; PKcs, PK catalytic subunits; HR, homologous recombination; DSBs, double-strand breaks; EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition.