Table 1.

Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and mass density.

Part		Young's modulus E (MPa)	Poisson's ratio, ν	Mass density, ρ (g/cm3)
Spine	Cortical bone	12000	0.3	1.56
	Cancellous bone	1500	0.3	0.29
Intervertebral disc		10	0.4	1.0
Rib	Cortical bone	12000	0.3	1.56
	Cancellous bone	1500	0.3	0.29
Costal cartilage		24.5	0.3	1.5
Sternum	Cortical bone	12000	0.3	1.56
	Cancellous bone	1500	0.3	0.29