Fig. 1.

Schematic visualization of the modular pilot plant for the production of an API intermediate. The modular plant is comprised of dosing units feeding the reactants aniline, o-FNB, and LiHMDS into a tubular reactor. A bypass is used to route a filtered fraction of the product stream through an online NMR and NIR sensor. Online NMR spectroscopy was used for rapid calibration of NIR data using online reference values. Relevant locations of measurements are indicated as L = level, P = pressure, S = speed of rotation, F = flow, and T = temperature