. 2018 Dec 28;123(5):877–890. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcy224

Table 4.

Growth dynamic parameters of monocyclic and bicyclic long shoots of apple cultivars ‘Ariane’, ‘Braeburn’ and ‘Fuji’ under WW and WS conditions. Statistical analyses were performed using a linear model considering water treatment and cultivars and their interaction for each year separately. ANOVA was then used to assess the significance of each effect (ns, not significant, * 0.01 < P < 0.05, ** 0.001 < P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001). For each year and each parameter, different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) in post hoc comparisons

Year	Cultivar	Water treatment	Monocyclic shoots			Bicyclic shoots
			R	GD₁	N _metamers ^†	R ₁	GD₁^†	AP	R ₂ ^†	GD₂^†	N _metamers
			(No. d⁻¹)	(d)	–	(No. d⁻¹)	(d)	(d)	(No. d⁻¹)	(d)	–
2016	‘Ariane’	WW	0.42^d	113.50^d	50.14^a	0.42^c	64.58^b	19.58^a	0.46^b	52.91^d	46.65^a
		WS	0.39^c	99.56^bc	36.31^bcd	0.42^c	49.67^a	24.28^ac	0.57^c	28.70^bc	36.44^bc
	‘Braeburn’	WW	0.34^ab	120.26^d	38.26^bc	0.31^a	68.02^b	24.56^ac	0.35^a	46.038^cd	37.00^b
		WS	0.33^a	98.48^b	31.73^d	0.32^a	66.15^b	27.08^c	0.45^b	31.65^b	33.89^c
	‘Fuji’	WW	0.36^b	119.56^d	40.94^b	0.36^b	62.91^b	23.44^ab	0.47^b	38.83^c	38.35^b
		WS	0.35^ab	99.18b^c	34.03^cd	0.35^b	62.20^b	25.57^bc	0.53^c	24.90^a	34.23^bc
	Water treatment effect		**	***	***	ns	ns	*	***	***	***
	Cultivar effect		***	ns	***	***	**	ns	***	**	***
	Interaction		ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
2017	‘Ariane’	WW	0.38^ab	104.28^ab	34.58^a	0.41^a	53.21^ab	41.49^cd	0.38^a	46.95^a	39.06^a
		WS	0.34^b	105.54^ab	32.09^a	0.40^ab	59.7^a	37.22^d	0.34^ab	52.79^a	40.72^a
	‘Braeburn’	WW	0.35^ab	55.93^c	18.32^b	0.41^ab	54.43^ab	66.27^a	0.40^a	28.53^b	29.42^b
		WS	0.38^ab	51.23^c	17.95^b	0.40^ab	44.22^b	63.43^ab	0.34^ab	22.93^b	23.89^c
	‘Fuji’	WW	0.26^c	136.66^a	31.57^a	0.37^b	54.72^ab	51.19^b	0.32^b	38.61^c	29.85^b
		WS	0.28^c	89.4^b	21.27^b	0.38^ab	50.27^b	49.32^bc	0.34^ab	37.46^c	28.55^bc
	Water treatment effect		ns	**	**	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	*
	Cultivar effect		***	***	***	ns	ns	***	*	***	***
	Interaction		*	*	**	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

R, GD and N_metamers for monocyclic shoots are the metamer appearance rate, growth duration and final number of metamers per shoot, respectively.

R ₁, GD₁, AP, R₂, GD₂ and N_metamers for bicyclic shoots are the metamer appearance rate in the first flush, growth duration in the first flush, arrest period, metamer appearance rate in the second flush, and growth duration in the second flush and the final number of metamers, respectively.

^†Log-transformed variables were used for linear models.