Table 3.
Descriptives for Children’s Adversities by Treatment Assignment
| Variable |
PFR n = 124 |
R&R n = 123 |
χ2(df) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Type of adversity | ||||
| Potential maltreatment | 124 (100.0) | 123 (100.0) | ||
| Removal from birth home | 12 (9.7) | 18 (14.6) | 1.42(1) | .23 |
| Caregiver mental illness | 71 (57.3) | 68 (55.3) | 0.10(1) | .76 |
| Caregiver incarcerationa | 9 (8.8) | 7(7.1) | 0.19(1) | .66 |
| Domestic violence | 31 (25.0) | 36 (29.3) | 0.57(1) | .45 |
| Household substance use or abuse | 21 (16.9) | 20 (16.3) | 0.02(1) | .89 |
| Caregiver divorce or separation | 49 (39.5) | 51 (41.5) | 0.10(1) | .76 |
| Death of a family member or loved one | 29 (23.4) | 29 (23.6) | 0.001(1) | .97 |
| Homelessness | 27 (21.8) | 31 (25.2) | 0.40(1) | .53 |
| Total number of adversities | ||||
| 1 | 23 (18.5) | 18 (14.6) | 0.68(1) | .41 |
| 2 | 28 (22.6) | 31 (25.2) | 0.23(1) | .63 |
| 3 | 29 (23.4) | 31 (25.2) | 0.11(1) | .74 |
| 4 | 23 (18.5) | 15 (12.2) | 1.92(1) | .17 |
| 5 | 12 (9.7) | 20 (16.3) | 2.37(1) | .12 |
| 6 or more | 9 (7.3) | 8 (6.5) | 0.06(1) | .82 |
| M (SD) | M (SD) | t(df) | ||
| Average number of adversities | 3.01 (1.51) | 3.11 (1.52) | 0.55(245) | .58 |
Note. PFR = Promoting First Relationships®, R&R = Resource and Referral.
a
n= 102 and n = 98 in the PFR and R&R groups, respectively, as this item was not added until later in the study. Cases with missing data on this item were assumed to have been unexposed to caregiver incarceration.