Table 3. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance comparing microbial communities found in fecal samples from preterm newborns fed with different diets during 28 days.

	F	R2	Adjusted p-value
All samples
Diets	19.24	0.311	0.001
Residuals		0.688
Total		1.000
Pairwise comparisons
PLM vs FLE	14.17	0.168	0.01
PLM vs LME	21.89	0.274	0.01
PLM vs MFLM	7.28	0.080	0.01
PLM vs PFL	16.14	0.146	0.01
FLE vs LME	18.85	0.331	0.01
FLE vs MFLM	10.82	0.146	0.01
FLE vs PFL	12.92	0.148	0.01
LME vs MFLM	18.88	0.270	0.01
LME vs PFL	36.76	0.372	0.01
MFLM vs PFL	14.78	0.145	0.01

F = F value by permutation. R² = shows the percentage of variation explained by diets; p-values were based on 999 permutations and were adjusted by Bonferroni correction.

FLE = exclusive formula; LME = exclusive own mother´s milk; MFLM = 50%formula and 50% own mother´s milk; PFL = ≥70% formula; PLM = ≥70% own mother´s milk.