Table 2.

Summary of GEE Models Predicting Negative Affect and Alcohol Craving as a Function of Mood Condition

	Negative Affect					Single-Item Alcohol Craving Measure
			95% CI					95% CI
Predictor	β	SE	LL	UL	p	β	SE	LL	UL	p
Pre-Mood Induction	0.236	0.105	0.030	0.442	.025	0.806	0.033	0.742	0.870	< .001
Mood Condition
General Unpleasant	− 0.658	0.181	− 1.014	− 0.303	< .001	− 0.261	0.063	− 0.385	− 0.137	< .001
Neutral	− 1.880	0.145	− 2.168	− 1.599	< .001	− 0.224	0.116	− 0.451	− 0.003	.053
Stigma*	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−
Model with Covariates
Pre-Mood Induction	0.271	0.104	0.068	0.474	.009	0.702	0.069	0.567	0.838	< .001
Mood Condition
General Unpleasant	− 0.609	0.194	− 0.988	− 0.229	.002	− 0.325	0.075	− 0.471	− 0.178	< .001
Neutral	− 1.531	0.543	− 2.596	− 0.466	.005	− 0.437	0.183	− 0.795	− 0.079	.017
Stigma*	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−	−
Person-Level Covariates
Picture valence rating	− 0.174	0.233	− 0.630	0.283	.456	0.089	0.092	− 0.091	0.269	.331
Sex (female)	0.029	0.149	− 0.263	0.321	.846	− 0.132	0.130	− 0.388	0.123	.310
AUD severity	− 0.052	0.087	− 0.222	0.118	.549	0.255	0.154	− 0.046	0.556	.097
Counterbalance	− 0.038	0.045	− 0.127	0.051	.404	0.051	0.034	− 0.015	0.117	.132
Lifetime adverse experiences	−0.066	0.080	−0.223	0.091	.412	−0.136	0.118	−0.367	0.094	.247

Note. Continuous measures are standardized; the reported coefficients for these variables represent standardized effects (effect size d).

^*Reference category. GEE = generalized estimating equation; SE = standard error; CI = confidence interval; LL = lower limit; UL = upper limit.