Table 5.

The prevalence of selected metabolic disease at baseline in the Lanxi cohort study

Variables*	Overall		Urban		Rural		P value†
	N	%‡	N	%‡	N	%‡
Obese§	409	8.1/9.0	255	7.8/8.7	154	8.6/9.7	0.34
Central obese¶	2265	44.6/35.8	1423	43.3/34.7	842	46.9/39.1	0.015
Hypertension**	1744	34.9/25.0	1064	32.9/24.1	680	38.6/26.7	<0.001
Diabetes††	499	10.0/6.8	357	11.0/7.5	142	8.1/5.4	0.001
Metabolic syndrome‡‡	1502	30.4/23.6	930	29.2/22.8	572	32.7/25.1	0.009
Fatty liver§§	1678	33.1/30.9	1204	36.8/34.5	474	26.4/23.2	<0.001
Gallstone§§	670	13.2/8.5	489	14.9/9.8	181	10.1/6.1	<0.001
Coronary heart disease¶¶	110	2.2/1.2	88	2.7/1.5	22	1.3/0.6	0.001

*The variable sample size varied due to that participants did not complete physical examination or questionnaire, or did not donate blood samples.

†Comparison between the urban and rural participants, Student’s t-test for continuous variables and X² test for categorical variables.

‡Crude/adjusted for age and gender using national census data in 2010.

§Body mass index ≥28 kg/m².

¶Waist circumference ≥90 cm for men and waist circumference ≥80 cm for women.

**Systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg and/or self-reported history of hypertension.

††Fasting glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L and/or HbA1c ≥6.5% and/or self-reported history of diabetes.

‡‡Presence of any three of five risk factors: (1) waist circumference ≥90 cm for men and waist circumference ≥80 cm for women, (2) triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/L or self-reported history of elevated triglycerides, (3) high-density lipoprotein <1.0 mmol/L for men and high-density lipoprotein <1.3 mmol/L for women or self-reported history of reduced high-density lipoprotein, (4) systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mm Hg or self-reported history of hypertension and (5) fasting glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L or self-reported history of elevated glucose.

§§According to diagnosis by ultrasonography.

¶¶According to the self-reported medical history by face-to-face interview.

HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c.