Table 1.

Descriptive statistics of variables, and results of t-test for sex differences.

	Boys (n = 31)		Girls (n = 32)		p	Cohen's d
Variables	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Right normalized AGV	0.070	0.007	0.072	0.008	0.274	0.278
Left normalized AGV	0.072	0.007	0.072	0.007	0.922	0.025
Objective stress storm32	11.839	4.810	11.031	4.816	0.508	0.168
Subjective stress IES-R	12.032	13.824	8.650	8.870	0.472	0.182
Number of days of pregnancy when ice storm happened (timing of PNMS)	78.450	102.849	94.590	103.788	0.538	0.156
Gestational age at birth (weeks)	40.226	0.976	39.754	0.927	0.054	0.495
Maternal psychological symptoms GHQ-28	0.106b	0.155	0.060a	0.115	0.192	0.338
Socioeconomic status (SES) Hollingshead scale (perinatal)	29.839	12.718	27.094	12.105	0.384	0.221
Socioeconomic status (SES) Hollingshead scale (concurrent)	34.31c	15.05	27.67b	14.60	0.091	0.448
Number of cigarettes/day	2.419	5.622	1.750	4.930	0.617	0.127
Number of glasses of alcohol/week	0.047	0.184	0.127	0.421	0.330	0.246
Maternal life events (perinatal)	6.516	4.098	5.468	2.961	0.248	0.294
Maternal life events (postnatal)	1.29b	0.89	0.9470	0.661	0.092	0.440
Obstetric complications	4.81	3.02	3.970	2.192	0.211	0.319
Maternal age at birth	29.000	5.320	30.196	4.311	0.330	0.247
Internalizing problems CBCL (T-scores)	54.73b	10.106	49.47	11.376	0.059	0.488
Externalizing problems CBCL (T-scores)	48.03b	8.732	45.81	8.716	0.320	0.255

Lower SES scores represent higher SES.

^aN = 31.

^bN = 30.

^cN = 29.

AGV, Amygdala volume; IES-R, Impact of Event Scale-Revised; PNMS, Prenatal maternal stress; GHQ, General Health Questionnaire; CBCL, Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist.