Comparison 1. tDCS plus speech and language therapy (SLT) versus sham tDCS plus SLT for improving aphasia.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Functional communication post intervention	3	112	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.17 [‐0.20, 0.55]
2 Functional communication at follow‐up	2	80	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.14 [‐0.31, 0.58]
3 Language impairment: accuracy of naming nouns post intervention	11	298	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.42 [0.19, 0.66]
4 Language impairment: accuracy of naming nouns at follow‐up	2	80	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.87 [0.25, 1.48]
5 Language impairment: accuracy of naming verbs post intervention	3	21	Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.19 [‐0.68, 1.06]
6 Safety: dropouts and adverse events until post intervention	15	345	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.54 [0.21, 1.37]