Table 1.
Presence of Salmonella culture positive (C+) and PCR positive (PCR+) samples in feed mill facilities selected in this study
| Pelleted feel millsa | Mash feed millsa | C+ (%) | PCR+ (%) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | |||
| Sampling site within the production flow | |||||||||||||
| Ingredient pit gratingb | +++ | −−+ | ++− | +++ | +++ | +++ | + | +++ | −+− | +++ | +−+ | 80.6 | 16.1 |
| Floor dust in receivingb | +−− | −−− | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | + | +++ | +−+ | +++ | +++ | 80.6 | 16.1 |
| Floor dust in manufacturing areab | +−− | −−− | −+− | +++ | −−− | +++ | + | +++ | ++− | +++ | −++ | 61.3 | 19.4 |
| Floor dust in break or control roomb | −+− | −++ | +−− | +++ | −++ | +−− | + | +++ | −−− | +++ | +++ | 64.5 | 16.1 |
| Floor dust in warehousec | −−− | +−+ | −−− | ++− | −++ | ++− | − | −+− | −++ | +++ | +++ | 54.8 | 3.2 |
| Exterior of pellet mill | − | − | − | + | − | + | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 33.3 | 16.7 |
| Finished product bin boot | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | + | 81.8 | 18.2 |
| Load−out auger | − | − | − | − | + | + | + | + | − | + | − | 45.5 | 0.0 |
| Finished feed | − | − | − | + | − | + | + | + | − | + | − | 41.7 | 8.8 |
| Sampling site outside the production flow | |||||||||||||
| Worker shoesc | ++ | −+ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | 95.2 | 9.5 |
| Broom | − | + | − | + | − | + | + | + | − | + | + | 63.6 | 27.3 |
| Fat intake inlet | − | − | − | d | − | + | − | − | − | + | − | 20.0 | 0.0 |
| Total % | 62.2 | 19.8 | |||||||||||
The % of PP and CP at the end of each row were calucalted for sample sites.
n/a, site not present in mash facilities.
aMills name and location were substituted by number to protect collaborators privacy. bSites swabbed in three different location using a 10 × 10 cm template. cLeft and right shoes swabbed. dSite could not be sampled.