Table 1.
Functional characterization of CRNDE in human cancers
| Cancer types | Expression | Functional role | Related molecules | Related pathways | Role | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colorectal cancer | Upregulated | Proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, chemoresistance, cellular metabolism | miR‐136/E2F1, miR‐181a‐5p/beta‐catenin/TCF4, miR‐217/TCF7L2, EZH2/P21/DUSP5, hnRNPUL2, IGF, IRX5 | PI3K/mTOR, Raf/Ras/MAPK, Wnt/beta‐catenin signalling pathway | Oncogenic | 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 33, 34, 35 |
| Glioma cancer | Upregulated | Proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis | miR‐186/XIAP/PAK7,miR‐384/PIWIL4, EGFR, Bcl2/Bax,TICAM1, PELI1, RIPK2, P70S6K | mTOR, toll‐like receptor (TLR), EGFR signalling pathway | Oncogenic | 22, 23, 24, 25, 30, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40 |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | Upregulated | Cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis | miR‐384, NF‐κB, p‐AKT, p‐mTOR, P70S6K | mTOR signalling pathway | Oncogenic | 26, 27, 28, 42 |
| Lung caner | Upregulated | Proliferation and growth, apoptosis, radiosensitivity | EZH2/p21, CDK4, CDK6 and CCNE1 | PI3K/AKT signalling pathway | Oncogenic | 29, 43 |
| Ovarian cancer | Upregulated | Not determined | TP53 | Not determined | Oncogenic | 44, 45, 46 |
| Multiple myeloma | Upregulated | Proliferation, apoptosis | miR‐451 | Not determined | Oncogenic | 48, 49 |
| Breast cancer | Upregulated | Proliferation, migration, invasion | miR‐136 | Wnt/beta‐catenin signalling pathway | Oncogenic | 32, 51 |
| Renal cell carcinoma | Upregulated | Cell growth, proliferation | CCND1, CCNE1 | Wnt/beta‐catenin signalling pathway | Oncogenic | 52, 53 |
| Gastric cancer | Upregulated | Cell viability, proliferation | miR‐145/E2F3 | Not determined | Oncogenic | 54 |
| Bladder cancer | Upregulated | Not determined | DMBT1/c‐IAP1 | PI3K/AKT pathway | Oncogenic | 55 |