Table 4. MTCT rate according to age, feeding mode, treatment, and prophylaxis regimens.
| Characteristics | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | Total | p-value (trend: 2008–2015) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) N | n (%) N | n (%) N | n (%) N | n (%) N | n (%) N | n (%) N | n (%) N | n (%) N | ||
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 31 (14.0) 222 | 14 (5.5) 253 | 19 (6.7) 283 | 22 (7.6) 291 | 15 (4.5) 336 | 20 (6.8) 293 | 19 (5.8) 327 | 16 (5.3) 303 | 156 (3.5) 2308 | 0.004 |
| Female | 25 (14.6) 171 | 23 (9.7) 236 | 17 (6.5) 260 | 11 (4.2) 262 | 21 (7.1) 294 | 10 (3.4) 295 | 15 (5.1) 296 | 8 (2.9) 279 | 130 (2.9) 2093 | <0.001 |
| Age in weeks | ||||||||||
| ≤ 6 | 2 (4.3) 47 | 7 (5.3) 131 | 4 (2.2) 179 | 3 (1.3) 230 | 13 (4.8) 271 | 3 (1.1) 266 | 2 (0.8) 239 | 3 (1.5) 201 | 37 (2.4) 1564 | 0.016 |
| 6–12 | 9 (18.4) 49 | 5 (3.8) 132 | 4 (3.1) 131 | 5 (4.3) 116 | 3 (2.2) 134 | 5 (3.8) 133 | 8 (4.4) 181 | 6 (3.3) 183 | 45 (4.2) 1059 | 0.051 |
| 12–24 | 13 (30.9) 42 | 4 (4.5) 89 | 10 (9.3) 107 | 5 (6.1) 82 | 6 (6.1) 98 | 9 (9.4) 96 | 9 (8.7) 103 | 5 (5.1) 98 | 61 (8.5) 715 | 0.028 |
| 24–48 | 6 (20.7) 29 | 11 (18.0) 61 | 9 (11.1) 81 | 11 (11.5) 96 | 12 (13.2) 91 | 10 (14.9) 67 | 3 (9.7) 31 | 5 (7.5) 67 | 67 (12.8) 523 | 0.093 |
| 48–72 | 4 (20.0) 20 | 3 (16.7) 18 | 4 (21.1) 19 | 8 (38.1) 21 | 0 (0.0) 16 | 2 (18.2) 11 | 7 (22.6) 31 | 3 (33.3) 9 | 31 (21.4) 145 | 0.728 |
| > 72 | 2 (50.0) 4 | 1 (25.0) 4 | 0 (0.0) 8 | 0 (0.0) 1 | 0 (0.0) 4 | 2 (10.0) 20 | 0 (0.0) 2 | 5 (11.6) 43 | 0.099 | |
| Feeding mode | ||||||||||
| Formula feeding | 0 (0.0) 1 | 2 (11.8) 17 | 10 (25.0) 40 | 0 (0.0) 36 | 5 (13.2) 38 | 6 (13.6) 44 | 23 (13.1) 176 | 0.518 | ||
| Mixed feeding | 1 (14.3) 7 | 2 (9.5) 21 | 8 (32.0) 25 | 4 (16.7) 24 | 2 (22.2) 9 | 17 (19.8) 86 | 0.531 | |||
| Exclusive breastfeeding | 0 (0.0) 26 | 9 (7.4) 122 | 6 (6.1) 98 | 11 (14.9) 74 | 4 (7.4) 54 | 30 (8.0) 374 | 0.391 | |||
| Breastfeeding on ART | 0 (0.0) 2 | 4 (2.6) 151 | 10 (2.5) 393 | 10 (2.6) 378 | 12 (2.7) 451 | 10 (2.2) 454 | 46 (2.5) 1829 | 0.752 | ||
|
Mother’s treatment status |
||||||||||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) 1 | 1 (1.1) 93 | 17 (4.2) 409 | 13 (2.5) 521 | 13 (2.7) 485 | 16 (3.0) 541 | 14 (2.7) 516 | 74 (2.9) 2566 | 0.707 | |
| No | 2 (28.6) 7 | 5 (12.2) 41 | 17 (31.5) 54 | 12 (23.1) 52 | 15 (27.8) 54 | 8 (22.2) 36 | 59 (24.2) 244 | 0.557 | ||
|
Child’s prophylaxis status |
||||||||||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) 1 | 1 (1.2) 84 | 10 (2.6) 386 | 10 (2.2) 448 | 9 (2.0) 449 | 13 (2.7) 484 | 6 (1.3) 462 | 49 (2.1) 2314 | 0.517 | |
| No | 3 (42.9) 7 | 10 (15.2) 66 | 21 (18.4) 114 | 13 (16.2) 80 | 18 (18.2) 99 | 15 (16.7) 90 | 80 (17.1) 456 | 0.044 | ||
|
Mother’s treatment-child’s prophylaxis status |
||||||||||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) 1 | 1 (1.4) 73 | 9 (2.7) 328 | 8 (1.9) 432 | 8 (1.9) 430 | 13 (2.8) 470 | 6 (1.4) 441 | 45 (2.1) 2175 | 0.611 | |
| No | 3 (8.6) 35 | 14 (8.5) 165 | 24 (16.0) 150 | 17 (14.5) 117 | 19 (14.3) 133 | 18 (13.7) 131 | 95 (13.0) 731 | 0.182 |
% number of HIV-positive children (n) divided by the total number of children tested (N) in the indicated age range in the indicated year