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Effect of ATRA on capillary formation potential of HUVECs. Capillary sprout formation of HUVECs in (A) medium with 2% FBS in the first day, (B) medium with 2% FBS, (C) 0.5 μmol/L (D) 1 μmol/L and (E) 10 μmol/L ATRA‐treated HUVECs were analyzed by inverted microscopy after 48 hours. The alternation in sprout formation determined by NIH image J. Data reported as mean±SEM (n=3); *P<.05 vs control
