Table 3.

Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Potential Factors for Cholangiocarcinoma

Variable	No. (n=234)	CCA occurrence (%)	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
			HR (95% CI)	p-value	HR (95% CI)	p-value
Age ≥65 yr
No	157	19 (12.1)	1.00
Yes	77	3 (3.9)	0.69 (0.20–2.37)	0.550	0.71 (0.18–2.75)	0.620
Sex
Male	74	5 (6.8)	1.00
Female	160	17 (10.6)	2.01 (0.73–5.48)	0.175	1.57 (0.50–4.95)	0.438
IHD stone
No	56	3 (5.4)	1.00
Both	55	9 (16.4)	2.36 (0.64–8.74)	0.198	2.03 (0.86–4.79)	0.106
Left	83	8 (9.6)	1.58 (0.42–6.04)	0.500	0.87 (0.18–4.16)	0.860
Right	40	2 (5.0)	0.71 (0.12–4.27)	0.711	0.46 (0.06–3.51)	0.453
IHD dilatation or stricture
No	8	1 (16.7)	1.00
Both	128	11 (8.6)	1.20 (0.15–9.45)	0.860	1.59 (0.37–6.82)	0.876
Left	66	6 (9.1)	1.21 (0.14–10.38)	0.863	0.87 (0.18–4.16)	0.716
Right	32	4 (12.6)	1.14 (0.13–10.29)	0.910	3.27 (0.31–34.80)	0.327
Liver atrophy
No	99	5 (5.1)	1.00
Both	23	5 (21.7)	6.13 (1.72–21.79)	0.005	4.56 (1.48–14.09)	0.008
Left	79	9 (11.4)	2.77 (0.93–8.28)	0.068	2.26 (0.87–5.90)	0.095
Right	33	3 (9.1)	3.35 (0.74–15.16)	0.116	2.23 (0.52–9.55)	0.281
Previous hepatic resection
No	206	19 (9.2)	1.00
Yes	28	3 (10.7)	1.06 (0.31–3.61)	0.921	1.58 (0.42–6.03)	0.500
Previous biliary bypass surgery*
No	207	21 (10.1)	1.00
Yes	27	1 (3.7)	0.28 (0.04–2.09)	0.215	0.32 (0.04–2.60)	0.284
Acute cholangitis
No	136	15 (11.0)	1.00
Yes	98	7 (7.1)	0.67 (0.27–1.64)	0.381	0.97 (0.36–2.58)	0.943
Liver abscess
No	186	17 (9.1)	1.00
Yes	48	5 (10.4)	1.09 (0.40–2.98)	0.860	1.45 (0.46–4.54)	0.527
Biliary cirrhosis
No	188	17 (9.0)	1.00
Yes	46	5 (10.9)	0.96 (0.35–2.63)	0.941	0.82 (0.26–2.52)	0.724

CCA, cholangiocarcinoma; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; IHD, intrahepatic duct.

^*Includes choledochojejunostomy and hepaticojejunostomy.