Table 1.

Patient Characteristics

Variable	EMR/ESD	Esophagectomy	CCRT	RT alone	p-value
Sex					0.607
Male	57 (92)	75 (92)	25 (100)	10 (100)
Female	5 (8)	7 (8)	0	0
Age, yr	68 (44–82)	64 (50–86)	66 (55–85)	75 (65–82)	0.003
Histology					0.834
SCCa	61 (98)	81 (99)	25 (100)	10 (100)
Adenosquamous	1 (2)	1 (1)	0	0
cT stage					<0.001
cT1a	62 (100)	0	0	0
cT1b	0	82 (100)	25 (100)	10 (100)
Tumor location					<0.001
Cervical	0	0	5 (20)	1 (10)
Upper thoracic	6 (10)	10 (12)	8 (32)	0
Middle thoracic	17 (27)	34 (42)	4 (16)	3 (30)
Lower thoracic	39 (63)	38 (46)	8 (32)	6 (60)

Data are presented as number (%) or median (range).

EMR, endoscopic mucosal resection; ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection; CCRT, concurrent chemoradiotherapy; RT, radiotherapy; SCCa, squamous cell carcinoma; cT stage, clinical T stage.