Table 1.

Users, uses, and examples of patient reported outcomes.

Users	Importance	Components	Examples
A. Clinical Management of Patients
Clinicians; Patients / caretakers	Participate in share decision-making and treat what matters to patients	• Screening across domains of health – referral as needed • Diagnosis and prognosis • Assessments of disease activity/severity and monitoring of treatment • Facilitating shared decision-making and matching patients with treatments • Setting treatment and self-management goals and monitoring progress at and between visits	PHQ-9, PROMIS WOMAC, Oswestry Disability Index, Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire RAPID3 ICF frameworks Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient Priorities for Pharmacologic Interventions Wheelchair Outcome Measure, EORTC-QLQ30
B. Developing New Programs and Matching Patients to Treatments
Multidisciplinary care teams; Health professional organizations; pharma	Ensuring patients get the right treatments for them	• Identifying vulnerable people -- unmet needs and gaps in care • Developing multicomponent and stepped care programs	Monitoring older adults with new drug prescriptions STarT Back screening tool
C. Assessing Performance and Creating Learning Healthcare Systems
Administrators; Payers; Health service administrators; policymakers	Optimizing equity, efficiency, and cost effectiveness	• Identifying optimal approaches and settings • Continuous quality improvement through benchmarking • Identifying needs and gaps in services	UK PROM in surgery

Note: See supplemental table for references to patient-reported outcome measures