Figure 1.

Effects of aneuploidy on the transcriptome and proteome due to the alteration of gene dosage. Changes to relative chromosome dosage (A) in aneuploidy (shown here as a euploid cell becoming trisomic for the blue chromosome) results in scaled changes to the RNA (B) and protein (C) expression level of genes carried on the aneuploid chromosome as is the case for direct effects of aneuploidy (D). However, indirect effects or trans-activating effects (E) of aneuploidy can alter the expression of genes on other chromosomes by increasing transcription factor levels to promote expression or by having an epigenetic effect such as de-silencing genes. Globular circles denote gene products that scale accordingly with chromosome number.