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. 2019 May 21;9:7648. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44000-0

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Change in cytokine profiles following each intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment session as a ratio compared to the baseline. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001; analysis of variance (ANOVA) (C,F) or Kruskal-Wallis test (A,B,D,E) with post-hoc analysis, comparing the value after each session to that of the baseline. Individual points and error bars represent the mean (C,F) or the median (A,B,D,E) and 95% confidence interval.