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. 2019 May 15;10:1092. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01092

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Copyright © 2019 Tobia, Chiodelli, Barbieri, Buraschi, Ferrari, Mitola, Borsani, Guerra and Presta.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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cxcr4a knockdown affects ISV patterning. Tg(kdrl:EGFP) embryos injected with std-MO (A,C,E,F) or cxcr4a-MO (B,D,G,H) were photographed at 26 hpf under an epifluorescence microscope. (C,D) Extended focus of z-stacks images representing high magnification of the trunk region. Asterisk in (D) indicates aberrant ISV branching in cxcr4a-MO-injected embryos. (E–H) Confocal microscopy analysis of 28 hpf Tg(kdrl:EGFP) zebrafish embryos injected with std-MO (E,F) or cxcr4a-MO (G,H). Control embryos show filopodia protrusions emerging from sprouting ISVs (E). At variance, filopodia protrusions are strongly reduced or absent in cxcr4a morphants (asterisk in H) despite ectopic ISV branching (G). High magnification of the regions highlighted by dotted boxes are shown in (E,G), respectively. (A–D) Scale bar: 100 μm. (E–G) Scale bar: 25 μm.