Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants.
| NBW (n = 65) | LBW (n = 69) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational age, weeks (mean, SD) | 38.4 (1.2) | 34.6 (3.0) | <0.001 |
| Birth weight, g (mean, SD) | 3261.5 (336.3) | 2063.5 (425.4) | <0.001 |
| C-section birth (N, %) | 37 (56.9) | 54 (78.3) | 0.003 |
| Male (N, %) | 32 (49.2) | 31 (44.9) | 0.618 |
| Antibiotics at stage 3 (N, %) | 4 (6.2) | 37 (53.6) | <0.001 |
| Hospital stay at stage 3 (N, %) | 0 (0) | 28 (40.6) | <0.001 |
| Type of feeding at stage 3 (N, %)∗ | <0.001 | ||
| Exclusive breastfeeding | 40 (64.5) | 10 (16.4) | |
| Mixed feeding | 22 (35.5) | 48 (78.7) | |
| Formula | 0 (0) | 3 (4.9) | |
| Maternal | |||
| Age (mean, SD) | 33.3 (4.4) | 32.0 (3.6) | 0.056 |
| GDM (N, %) | 6 (9.2) | 15 (21.7) | 0.047 |
| Gestational hypertension (N, %) | 1 (1.5) | 14 (20.3) | <0.001 |
| Pregestational BMI (mean, SD)∗ | 22.3 (2.8) | 22.2 (4.2) | 0.727 |
∗Missing data: Type of feeding at stage 3 (n = 11); pregestational BMI (n = 16).