Figure 1.

Adhesion of kidney cancer cells to HUVEC is down‐regulated by VPA. KTC‐26, Caki‐1 or A498 cells were treated with various concentrations of VPA for three or five days, and then added at a density of 0.5 × 10⁶ cells/well to HUVEC monolayers for different time periods. Non‐adherent tumour cells were washed off in each sample, the remaining cells were fixed and counted in five different fields (5 × 0.25 mm²) using a phase contrast microscope. Mean values were calculated from five counts. Mean adhesion capacity is depicted as counted cells/mm². * indicates significant difference to controls.