Table 1.

miRNAs and their targets that have been identified in the autophagy of OA chondrocytes.

microRNAs	Targets (upstream or downstream)	Mechanisms	Research cells or models	References
miR-155	ULK1, FOXO3, ATG3, ATG5, ATG14, GABARAPL1 and MAP1LC3	Autophagy	Human chondrocytes, T/C28a2 cells	[43]
miR-155	Rictor	mTORC2 signaling	MCF-7, MDA-MB-157, BT-549 human breast cancer cell lines	[44]
miR-30b	Beclin1, ATG5	Autophagy and apoptosis	ATDC5 cells	[45]
miR-30a, miR-30b, miR-30c, miR-30d, miR-30e	Beclin1	Autophagy	Adipocytes	[46]
miR-30a-5p	AKT	Cell cycle and apoptosis	Human osteoarthritic chondrocytes, SW1353 cells	[47]
miR-30c	ATG5, ATG16L1	Autophagy	Human intestinal epithelial T84 cells	[48]
miR-146a	TRAF6, IRAK1	Autophagy	C57BL/6J mouse chondrocytes	[49]
miR-146a	Bcl2	Autophagy	C57BL/6J mouse chondrocytes	[50]
miR-146a	HIF-1α	Autophagy	C57BL/6J mouse chondrocytes	[50]
miR-17-5p	SQSTM1/p62	Autophagy	C57BL/6J mouse, SW1353 human chondrosarcoma cells	[51]
miR-17-5p	ULK1	Growth modulation	Murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells, human HEK 293T cells	[52]
miR-17-5p	Beclin1	Autophagy-related resistance	A549 and H596 lung cancer cells	[53]
miR-17-5p	Mcl-1, STAT3	Autophagy	Murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7, HEK293 cells	[54]
miR-21	PTEN/AKT/mTOR	Autophagy	Human degenerated nucleus pulposus cells	[55]
miR-21	GAS5	Autophagy	Human osteoarthritic chondrocytes	[56]
miR-21	GDF5	Chondrogenesis	Human articular chondrocytes, CH8 cell lines	[57]
miR-335-5p	Unknown	Autophagy, proliferation and apoptosis	Human osteoarthritic chondrocytes	[58]
miR-9	SIRT1	Autophagy and protection	Human chondrocytes, C-28/I2 cells	[59]
miR-449a	SIRT1	Autophagy and protection	Human chondrocytes, SW1353 cells	[60]
miR-4262	SIRT1, PI3K/AKT/mTOR	Autophagy	SD rat chondrocytes	[61]
miR-206	IGF-1, PI3K/AKT/mTOR	Autophagy and apoptosis	Wistar rat chondrocytes	[62]
miR-20	ATG10, PI3K/AKT/mTOR	Autophagy and proliferation	SD rat chondrocytes	[63]
miR-128a	ATG12	Autophagy	Human chondrocytes, SD rat chondrocytes	[64]
miR-107	TRAF3, AKT/mTOR	Autophagy and apoptosis	Human osteoarthritic chondrocytes, SD rats	[65]
miR-140-5p, miR-149	FUT1	Autophagy, apoptosis and proliferation	Human osteoarthritic chondrocytes	[66]
miR-590-5p	TGF-β1	Autophagy and apoptosis	Human chondrocytes	[67]