Table 1.
Sample characteristics for all participants and by nonstarter status (ie, completed less than four of the first seven EMA surveys) from the 2017-2018 Health eNav study (N=120).
| Sample characteristics | All (N=120) | Completed ≥4 of first 7 EMA surveys (n=92) | Nonstarters (n=28) | PRa (95% CIb) | ||
| Days to first weeklong or more EMA survey noncompletion, mean (SD) | 41.87 (35.42) | 51.35 (33.10) | 10.71 (23.06) | 0.95 (0.92-0.99) | ||
| Demographics |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Age (years), mean (SD) | 27.75 (4.07) | 28.43 (5.88) | 25.25 (2.22) | 0.96 (0.88-1.04) | |
|
|
Gender identity, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trans woman | 17 (14.2) | 10 (11) | 7 (25) | 2.02 (1.02-4.02) |
|
|
|
Man | 103 (85.8) | 82 (89) | 21 (75) | Refc |
|
|
Race/ethnicity, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Black or African American | 22 (18.3) | 16 (17) | 6 (21) | 1.75 (0.60-5.04) |
|
|
|
Hispanic or Latinx | 38 (31.7) | 27 (29) | 11 (39) | 1.85 (0.72-4.79) |
|
|
|
Otherd or multiple | 28 (23.3) | 22 (24) | 6 (21) | 1.37 (0.47-1.03) |
|
|
|
White | 32 (26.7) | 27 (29) | 5 (18) | Ref |
| Structural factors |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Housing status, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lives with a family member, friend, or partner who rents/owns a home | 21 (17.5) | 16 (18) | 5 (18) | 1.86 (0.60-5.72) |
|
|
|
Temporary/transitional housinge | 43 (35.8) | 30 (33) | 13 (46) | 2.36 (0.92-6.04) |
|
|
|
Homeless or shelter | 17 (14.2) | 12 (13) | 5 (18) | 2.29 (0.76-6.93) |
|
|
|
Rents/owns an apartment or house | 39 (32.5) | 34 (37) | 5 (18) | Ref |
|
|
Income in the last month (US$), n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$601-$1300 | 30 (25.0) | 21 (23) | 9 (32) | 2.18 (0.75-6.32) |
|
|
|
$251-$600 | 30 (25.0) | 24 (26) | 6 (21) | 1.45 (0.45-4.64) |
|
|
|
$0-$250 | 30 (25.0) | 21 (23) | 9 (32) | 2.18 (0.75-6.32) |
|
|
|
≥$1301 | 29 (24.2) | 25 (27) | 4 (14) | Ref |
|
|
Education, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
High school/GED | 39 (32.5) | 27 (29) | 12 (43) | 1.9 (0.93-3.91) |
|
|
|
Less than high school | 13 (10.8) | 8 (9) | 5 (18) | 2.38 (0.99-5.72) |
|
|
|
Some college or more | 68 (56.7) | 57 (62) | 11 (39) | Ref |
|
|
Incarceration in the last 6 months, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yes | 23 (19.2) | 13 (14) | 10 (36) | 2.34 (1.25-4.39) |
|
|
|
No | 97 (80.8) | 79 (86) | 18 (64) | Ref |
|
|
Competing needs, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Went without HIV medications to have money for basic needs (eg, food, housing, and/or clothing) | 38 (31.7) | 66 (72) | 16 (57) | 1.62 (0.85-3.08) |
|
|
|
Went without basic needs (eg, food, housing, and/or clothing) to have money for HIV medications | 32 (26.7) | 26 (28) | 12 (43) | 2.38 (1.28-4.45) |
| HIV diagnosis status, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Diagnosed in the last year | 38 (31.7) | 24 (26) | 14 (50) | 2.16 (1.14-4.08) | |
|
|
Diagnosed more than one year ago | 82 (68.3) | 68 (74) | 14 (50) | Ref | |
| Behaviors toward technology, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Frequency of sending and receiving text messages on a mobile phone | |||||
|
|
|
Several times a day | 39 (32.5) | 32 (35) | 7 (25) | 0.45 (0.18-1.12) |
|
|
|
Several times an hour or all the time | 66 (55.0) | 51 (55) | 15 (54) | 0.57 (0.26-1.22) |
|
|
|
Once a day or less | 15 (12.5) | 9 (10) | 6 (21) | Ref |
|
|
Frequency of checking for text messages on a mobile phone | |||||
|
|
|
Several times a day | 42 (35.0) | 35 (38) | 7 (25) | 0.40 (0.15-1.04) |
|
|
|
Several times an hour or all the time | 66 (55.0) | 50 (54) | 16 (57) | 0.58 (0.26-1.29) |
|
|
|
Once a day or less | 12 (10.0) | 7 (8) | 5 (18) | Ref |
aPR: crude prevalence ratio from bivariable Poisson binomial regression models comparing nonstarters to those who completed four or more of the first seven EMA surveys received.
bCI: confidence interval.
cRef: reference group.
d“Other” race/ethnicity included participants who identified as American Indian or Alaska Native (n=6) or Asian (n=7).
eTemporary/transitional housing included participants who lived in single room occupancy hotels, motels, boarding houses, halfway houses, drug treatment centers, independent living units, domestic violence shelters, battered persons’ shelters, or “safe houses.”