Table 2.

Characteristics of randomised and non-randomised studies included in the review (continued)

Study author	Exposure comparison	Modality of outcome assessment	Primary outcome measure	Implementation science outcome
Randomised
Alexander et al (Nigeria)13	A two-burner aluminium CLEANCOOK ethanol stove (CLEANCOOK Sweden AB, Stockholm, Sweden) versus kerosene/firewood users	An automatic BP monitor (ABPM) (Microlife BP 3BM1-3; Microlife AG Swiss Corp., Widnau, Switzerland)	Change in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) during pregnancy	Feasibility
McCracken et al (Guatemala)15	Improved woodstove called plancha—waist high enclosed combustion chamber, and a chimney to vent emissions from the kitchen. Versus open fires	An ABPM (52000 series; Welch Allyn, Skaneateles Falls, New York, USA)	Change in systolic BP (SBP) and DBP	Feasibility
Quinn et al (Ghana)16	(1) Improved-combustion biomass-burning BioLite HomeStoves (BioLite, Brooklyn, New York); or, (2)two-burner liquefied petroleum gas stoves and associated cooking fuel. Versus three-stoned open fire fueled by firewood.	24 hours ABPM to measure BP. SpaceLabs 90,207 ABP monitors (SpaceLabs Medical, Redmond, Washington) And home blood pressure monitor (HBPM) an Omron BP791IT automatic digital blood pressure Monitors (Omron Healthcare, Bannockburn, Illinois)	Changes in ambulatory SBP and DBP as a result of exposure to carbon monoxide and to improved cookstove	Feasibility
Non-randomised
Alexander et al (Bolivia)12	Improved adobe wood-burning cookstove called the Yanayo cookstove, a chimney and a metal roof for the kitchen. Versus open pit fires	Omron blood pressure monitor (Model HEM-705CP)	Change in BP levels associated with reduced PM level during cooking	Adoption
Clark et al (Nicaragua)14	Ecostove: wood-burning cookstove with a more efficient combustion chamber and a chimney versus traditional open fire cookstoves	Aneroid sphygmomanometers	Change in SBP and DBP	Feasibility and adoption

BP, blood pressure; PM, particulate matter.