Table 1.

Number of admissions and hospitalisation rate for ARI by diagnostic category by principal diagnosis in infants aged <1 year and children aged 1–4 years in Western Australia, England and Scotland

Diagnosis	Western Australia		England		Scotland
	n (%)	Rate (95% CI)*	n (%)	Rate (95% CI)*	n (%)	Rate (95% CI)*
<1 year†
Whooping cough	220 (1.6)	0.7 (0.6 to 0.8)	2395 (1.1)	0.5 (0.4 to 0.5)	372 (1.4)	0.6 (0.5 to 0.6)
Pneumonia	1278 (9.4)	4.1 (3.9 to 4.4)	15 592 (7.2)	2.9 (2.9 to 3.0)	1245 (4.8)	1.9 (1.8 to 2.1)
Bronchiolitis	10 652 (78.7)	34.4 (33.8 to 35.1)	171 805 (78.8)	32.2 (32.1 to 32.4)	22 021 (84.4)	34.3 (33.9 to 34.8)
Influenza	407 (3.0)	1.3 (1.2 to 1.4)	1627 (0.7)	0.3 (0.3 to 0.3)	426 (1.6)	0.7 (0.6 to 0.7)
Unspecified ALRI	809 (6.0)	2.6 (2.4 to 2.8)	24 563 (11.3)	4.6 (4.5 to 4.7)	1797 (6.9)	2.8 (2.7 to 2.9)
Bronchitis	169 (1.2)	0.5 (0.5 to 0.6)	2003 (0.9)	0.4 (0.4 to 0.4)	242 (0.9)	0.4 (0.3 to 0.4)
All ARI	13 535 (100.0)	43.7 (43.0 to 44.5)	217 985 (100.0)	40.1 (40.7 to 41.1)	26 103 (100.0)	40.7 (40.2 to 41.2)
1–4 years‡
Whooping cough	33 (0.4)	0.04 (0.03 to 0.06)	95 (0.1)	0.008 (0.007 to 0.01)	23 (0.2)	0.01 (0.01,0.02)
Pneumonia	3031 (41.6)	3.7 (3.6 to 3.9)	29 741 (33.2)	2.5 (2.5 to 2.6)	3411 (26.9)	2.1 (2.0 to 2.1)
Bronchiolitis	1893 (26.0)	2.3 (2.2 to 2.4)	8283 (9.2)	0.7 (0.7 to 0.7)	3141 (24.7)	1.9 (1.8 to 2.0)
Influenza	366 (5.0)	0.4 (0.4 to 0.5)	1714 (1.9)	0.2 (0.1 to 0.2)	392 (3.1)	0.2 (0.2 to 0.3)
Unspecified ALRI	1767 (24.3)	2.2 (2.1 to 2.3)	48 910 (54.6)	4.2 (4.1 to 4.2)	5570 (43.9)	3.3 (3.3 to 3.4)
Bronchitis	195 (2.7)	0.2 (0.2 to 0.3)	859 (1.0)	0.1 (0.1 to 0.1)	161 (1.3)	0.1 (0.1 to 0.1)
All ALRI	7285 (100.0)	9.0 (8.8 to 9.2)	89 602 (100.0)	7.6 (7.6 to 7.7)	12 698 (100.0)	7.6 (7.5 to 7.8)

*Rate is per 1000/child-years.

†2001–2012 for Western Australia and Scotland; 2004–2012 for England.

‡2005–2012 for Western Australia and Scotland; 2008–2012 for England.

ALRI, acute lower respiratory infection; ARI, acute respiratory infection.