TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of control and cocaine-dependent (CD) participants (means ± SD)
| Control (n = 25) | CD (n = 58) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years)** | 42.2 ± 8.9 | 44.5 ± 6.6 |
| Sex* | ||
| Male | 16 (64.0%) | 52 (89.7%) |
| Female | 9 (36.0%) | 6 (10.3%) |
| Race* | ||
| African-American | 12 (48.0%) | 43 (74.1%) |
| Caucasian | 11 (44.0%) | 10 (17.2%) |
| Hispanic | 1 (4.0%) | 5 (8.7%) |
| Other | 1 (4.0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Education (years)* | 13.8 ± 1.0 | 12.2 ± 1.7 |
| Estimated FSIQ* | 97.9 ± 10.7 | 87.8 ± 8.8 |
| Nicotine Use | ||
| Packs/day* | 0.05 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.9 |
| % smokers* | 5 | 67 |
| Time from admission to MRI scan (days) | 21.3 ± 4.4 | |
| InDUC | ||
| Recent* | 1.2 ±2.9 | 80.3 ± 19.9 |
| Lifetime* | 5.2 ± 6.9 | 39.3 ± 4.7 |
| Craving | ||
| CCQ-brief | – | 2.4 ± 0.9 |
| OCCS | – | 24.5 ± 7.7 |
| Stop signal test (SST) | ||
| MRT (ms)** | 748.9 ± 237.8 | 711.7 ± 180.6 |
| SSD (ms)** | 198.6 ± 86.3 | 190.5 ± 71.5 |
| SSRT (ms)** | 411.8 ± 310.6 | 364.0 ± 283.9 |
| Omission (%)** | 12.1 ± 3.1 | 11.8 ± 3.1 |
| Inhibition (%)** | 52.2 ± 5.2 | 51.0 ± 4.1 |
Note. Comparisons between groups were done by t test two-sample t-test with unequal variance.
Abbreviations: CCQ-Brief: Cocaine Craving Questionnaire-Brief; FSIQ: full-scale IQ; InDUC: Inventory of Drug Use Consequences; OCCS: Obsessive-Compulsive Cocaine Scale; SSRT: stop signal response time; MRT: mean response time to go trials. SSD: stop signal delay.
*
Difference between groups, p < 0.05, (n1 = 25, n2 = 58).
**
No statistically significant difference between groups, p > 0.05, (n1 = 25, n2 = 58).