. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 May 22.

Published in final edited form as: Remedial Spec Educ. 2018 Sep 19;39(5):274–288. doi: 10.1177/0741932518772904

Table 2.

Random Effects for Unconditional and Conditional Models for Passage, Person, and Developmental Effects.

		Student level		Passage level		Error
Model	Source	Estimate	SE	Estimate	SE	Estimate
Unconditional	Intercept	1,405.54	51.63	205.32	49.91	304.29
Passage effects models
1. Full text model	Intercept	1,406.56	51.60	72.07	20.11	276.45
2. Reduced text model	Intercept	1,406.58	51.60	73.18	19.32	276.45
3. Reduced text/random slopes	Intercept	1,499.98	38.73	78.53	8.55	257.61
	Lexile slope	2.90	1.70
	Expository slope	56.34	7.51
Person effects models^a
1. Full person model	Intercept	294.05	11.43	71.95	18.89	273.73
Developmental effects models^b
1. Fixed growth slopes	Intercept	296.02	11.42	61.09	16.13	233.24
2. Random growth slopes	Intercept	275.99	16.61	57.69	7.60	205.98
	Growth slope	4.88	2.21

Person models include explanatory variables for passage intercepts from the reduced text model (2).

Growth models include explanatory variables for random person and passage intercepts.