Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
A–C, ELISA analysis of IL-8 expression in blood after morphine injection through 3 different routes. D–F, ELISA analysis of GM-CSF cytokines in blood after morphine injection through 3 different routes. G–I, ELISA analysis of MCP-1 cytokines in blood after morphine. ∗P < .05; ∗∗ P < .01. ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, GM-CSF = granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL = interleukin, MCP-1 = monocyte chemoattractant protein 1.
