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. 2019 Apr 13;9(8):2411–2423. doi: 10.7150/thno.29326

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Analysis of cellular uptake mechanism. The effect of dual CD44-receptor mediated endocytosis and magnetic-assistance cellular internalization were investigated. The transgene expression level of hMSCs (A) pre-treated HA or (B) transfected with ^PAEMTN constructed by non-CD44 targeted CA-SPIO was quantitative analyzed. (C) Different endocytosis inhibitors were used to investigate the uptake mechanism of ^PAEMTN. The effect of magnetic-assistance improving the cell internalization of ^PAEMTN was evaluated using TOTO3 labeled pDNA. (D) The cell fluorescence images were visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM 510, Zeiss). The red fluorescence represented the cell internalized pDNA. Nucleus and cytoskeleton were stained with Hoechst 33342 and Acti-stain 488 phalloidin, respectively. Scale bar in (D): 100 μm. Data are mean±s.e.m. Data in (A), (B) and (C) were measured from three independent experiments. *P<0.01 by student's t-test.