Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes in China.
| Characteristics | Total |
|---|---|
| All patients, N | 5770 |
| Age (yr), mean ± SD | 55.7 ± 12.6 |
| Age (yr), N (%) | |
| 20–<65 yrs | 4408 (76.4%) |
| ≥65 yrs | 1362 (23.6%) |
| Gender, N (%) | |
| Male | 3130 (54.2%) |
| Female | 2640 (45.8%) |
| Smoking status, N (%) | |
| None | 3902 (67.6%) |
| Current | 1271 (22.0%) |
| Previous | 505 (8.8%) |
| Passive | 92 (1.6%) |
| Drinking status, N (%) | |
| None | 4860 (84.2%) |
| Current | 619 (10.7%) |
| Previous | 291 (5.0%) |
| Physical Activities, N (%) | |
| No exercises | 1348 (23.4%) |
| ≤3 times/week | 2406 (41.7%) |
| >3 times/week | 2016 (34.9%) |
| Medicine Compliance, N (%) | |
| Yes | 5278 (91.5%) |
| No | 492 (8.5%) |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 25.0 ± 3.4 |
| BMI Category, N (%) | |
| <24 kg/m2 | 2249 (39.0%) |
| 24–<28 kg/m2 | 2544 (44.1%) |
| ≥28 kg/m2 | 977 (16.9%) |
| Family history of diabetes: N (%) | |
| Yes | 1628 (28.2) |
| No | 3962 (68.7) |
| Unknown | 180 (3.1) |
| Family history of cardiovascular disease: N (%) | |
| No | 4429 (76.8) |
| Yes | 1067 (18.5) |
| Unknown | 274 (4.7) |
| Hypertension, N (%) | 2152 (37.3%) |
| Years of HTN diagnosis, mean ± SD | 7.9 ± 8.5 |
| Anti-hypertensive drug use, N (%) | 1670 (77.6) |
| Dyslipidemia, N (%) | 2670 (46.3%) |
| Years of dyslipidemia diagnosis, mean ± SD | 1.8 ± 4.0 |
| Lipid-lowering drug use, N (%) | 1308 (49.0) |
| Region | |
| North | 573 (9.9) |
| South | 915 (15.9) |
| East | 782 (13.6) |
| Southwest | 1503 (26.0) |
| Northeast | 856 (14.8) |
| Northwest | 1141 (19.8) |
| Hospital Tier | |
| 1st tier | 1364 (23.6) |
| 2nd tier | 1577 (27.3) |
| 3rd tier | 2829 (49.0) |
| Education | |
| Illiteracy | 192 (3.3) |
| Elementary school | 850 (14.7) |
| Middle school | 1658 (28.7) |
| High school | 1502 (26.0) |
| 2–3 Year College | 789 (13.7) |
| 4 Year college or over | 777 (13.5) |
| Insurance | |
| Medical insurance for urban workers | 4069 (70.5) |
| Rural cooperative medical care | 782 (13.6) |
| Public or labor health insurance | 345 (6.0) |
| Commercial Insurance | 36 (0.6) |
| Other medical insurance | 121 (2.1) |
| No insurance | 417 (7.2) |
| Family income | |
| <500 | 157 (2.7) |
| 500–2000 | 1339 (23.2) |
| 2000–5000 | 2479 (43.0) |
| >5000 | 899 (15.6) |
| Unknown | 896 (15.5) |
| Comorbidities | |
| Diabetes only | 2090 (36.2) |
| Diabetes + Hypertension | 1010 (17.5) |
| Diabetes + Dyslipidemia | 1528 (26.5) |
| Diabetes + Hypertension + Dyslipidemia | 1142 (19.8) |
| HbA1c % (mmol/mol), mean ± SD | |
| Total | 8.4 ± 2.5 (68 ± 19) |
| Diet and exercises alone | 8.3 ± 2.4 (67 ± 18) |
| Herbal medicine | 7.0 ± 1.6 (53 ± 12) |
| One OHA, no insulin | 7.4 ± 1.9 (57 ± 14) |
| Two OHAs, no insulin | 8.3 ± 2.3 (67 ± 17) |
| More than two OHAs, no insulin | 8.8 ± 2.6 (73 ± 20) |
| Insulin only, no OHA | 9.8 ± 2.7 (84 ± 20) |
| Insulin + one OHA | 10.0 ± 2.7 (86 ± 20) |
| Insulin + two OHAs | 10.2 ± 2.7 (88 ± 20) |
| Insulin + more than two OHAs | 10.5 ± 2.7 (91 ± 20) |