Table 5.
Univariate analysis for primary clinical outcome
| Variable | Univariate analysis | |
|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Age (years) | 1.07 (1.05–1.09) | < 0.0001 |
| Male | 1.54 (1.08–2.20) | 0.018 |
| Diabetes mellitus duration (years) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.496 |
| History of coronary artery disease | 1.54 (1.03–2.29) | 0.034 |
| Hypertension | 1.45 (1.00–2.11) | 0.050 |
| Current smoker (vs never) | 1.13 (0.72–1.79) | 0.595 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||
| BMI < 19 | 0.56 (0.37–0.85) | 0.006 |
| BMI > 25 | 0.44 (0.28–0.68) | 0.000 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.119 |
| Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | 0.432 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | 0.002 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.753 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 1.03 (0.90–1.18) | 0.661 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 0.97 (0.96–0.98) | < 0.0001 |
| Retinopathy | 1.40 (0.92–2.12) | 0.120 |
| Neuropathy | 1.52 (1.04–2.22) | 0.030 |
| Nephropathy | 1.55 (1.02–2.34) | 0.039 |
| Statin | 0.56 (0.39–0.80) | 0.002 |
| Sulfonylurea | 0.81 (0.50–1.32) | 0.393 |
| Thiazolidinedione | 0.67 (0.35–1.29) | 0.232 |
| Metformin | 0.60 (0.35–1.29) | 0.059 |
| Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor | 2.37 (1.36–4.13) | 0.002 |
| Insulin | 2.09 (1.22–3.60) | 0.008 |
| Aspirin | 1.00 (0.66–1.52) | 1.000 |
| Hypoglycemia | 1.07 (0.43–2.67) | 0.883 |