Table 2. Baseline characteristics of patients with AMI.
| Characteristic | Total (n=1,309) | β-blockers (n=1,074) | Non β-blockers (n=235) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years) | 61.5±12.1 | 60.7±11.9 | 65.3±12.4 | <0.001 |
| Age <75 y, n (%) | 194 (14.8) | 139 (12.9) | 55 (23.4) | <0.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 211 (16.1) | 163 (15.2) | 48 (20.4) | 0.047 |
| Weight (kg) | 64.8±10.7 | 65.3±10.8 | 62.7±10.0 | 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 121.9±20.2 | 122.5±19.2 | 119.0±24.3 | 0.016 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 73.5±11.9 | 74.2±11.5 | 70.5±13.6 | <0.001 |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||
| DM | 267 (20.4) | 213 (19.8) | 54 (23.0) | 0.278 |
| Smoke | 628 (48.0) | 517 (48.1) | 111 (47.2) | 0.802 |
| Hypertension | 650 (49.7) | 525 (48.9) | 125 (53.2) | 0.231 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 202 (15.4) | 170 (15.8) | 32 (13.6) | 0.395 |
| History of CABG | 2 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.508 |
| Laboratory index | ||||
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 80.7±26.5 | 82.4±26.0 | 72.7±27.3 | <0.001 |
| SCr (μmol/L) | 94.76 (35.5) | 92.68 (33.8) | 104.27 (41.2) | <0.001 |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) | 2.7±0.9 | 2.7±0.9 | 2.7±0.7 | 0.984 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.3±1.1 | 4.3±1.1 | 4.4±1.1 | 0.764 |
| LVEF (%) | 53.8±10.9 | 54.0±10.9 | 52.9±11.2 | 0.167 |
| lgBNP | 3.0±0.6 | 2.9±0.6 | 3.2±0.7 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.5±1.5 | 6.5±1.5 | 6.6±1.5 | 0.377 |
| Anemia, n (%) | 430 (32.8) | 337 (31.4) | 93 (39.6) | 0.015 |
| Perioperative medications, n (%) | ||||
| ACEI/ARB | 1,168 (89.2) | 1,000 (93.1) | 168 (71.5) | <0.001 |
| CCB | 110 (8.4) | 92 (8.6) | 18 (7.7) | 0.650 |
| Diuretic | 403 (30.8) | 321 (29.9) | 82 (34.9) | 0.132 |
| Angiographic and procedural characteristics | ||||
| Emergent PCI, n (%) | 693 (52.9) | 547 (50.9) | 146 (62.1) | 0.002 |
| Peri-hypotension, n (%) | 105 (8.0) | 72 (6.7) | 33 (14.0) | <0.001 |
| Peri-IABP, n (%) | 109 (8.3) | 62 (5.8) | 47 (20.0) | <0.001 |
| Coronary lesions | 2.1±1.0 | 2.1±1.0 | 2.2±1.0 | 0.058 |
| Contrast volume >200 mL, n (%) | 82 (6.3) | 66 (6.1) | 16 (6.8) | 0.704 |
| Total HV (mL) | 877.7±557.6 | 844.0±524.8 | 1031.7±668.0 | <0.001 |
SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; eGFR, effective glomerular filtration rate; SCr, serum creatinine rate; HDL-c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; lgBNP, lg brain natriuretic peptide; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; ACEI/ARB, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB, calcium channel blocker; LM, left main coronary artery; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; HV, hydration volume.