Table 1. The clinicopathological characteristics of the patients.

Factors	Surgery + chemotherapy (n=63)	Surgery alone (n=83)	P value
Age, mean [range] (years)	63.2 [30–78]	72.3 [54–84]	<0.01
Gender, n [%]			0.98
Male	54 [86]	71 [86]
Female	9 [14]	12 [14]
CCI, n [%]			0.69
0–1	43 [68]	54 [65]
≥2	20 [32]	29 [35]
Histology, n [%]			<0.01
LCNEC	31 [49]	61 [73]
SCLC	32 [51]	22 [27]
Operation procedure, n [%]			0.02
Lobectomy or more	58 [92]	65 [78]
Sublobar resection	5 [8]	18 [22]
Stage, n [%]			0.19
IA	22 [35]	41 [49]
IB	14 [22]	20 [24]
IIA	14 [22]	10 [12]
IIB	4 [6]	6 [7]
IIIA	9 [14]	5 [6]
IIIB	0 [0]	1 [1]
Tumor size, mean [range] (mm)	36.5 [0–80]	33.5 [10–110]	0.34
Lymph node metastasis, n [%]			0.02
pN 0	35 [56]	61 [73]
pN 1–2	28 [44]	22 [27]
Pleural invasion, n [%]			0.42
pl 0	33 [52]	49 [59]
pl 1–2	30 [48]	34 [41]
Vascular invasion, n [%]			0.37
v 0	12 [19]	21 [25]
v 1–2	51 [81]	62 [75]
Lymphatic permeation, n [%]			0.27
ly 0	18 [29]	31 [37]
ly 1–2	45 [71]	52 [63]

LCNEC, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index.