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. 2019 May 16;10:1107. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01107

Figure 7.

Figure 7

MicroRNA-mediated TRAF6 regulation balancing NF-κB and MAPK activities. (A) miR-146a is produced in an NF-κB-dependent manner. miR-146a interferes the transcription and translation of IRAK1 and TRAF6 as a mediator of the negative feedback pathway for an NF-κB pathway. (B) Defective activation of an IKK–NF-κB pathway results in the reduced production of miR-146a. The impaired miR-mediated regulation of IRAK1 and TRAF6 accelerates further activation of a p38 MAPK pathway, resulting in p38 MAPK-dominant activation. AP-1, activator protein 1; ASK1, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1; C/EBP, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein; IKK, IκB kinase; IRAK, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase; MALT1, mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation gene 1; miR, microRNA; NEMO, NF-κB essential modulator; NF-κB, nuclear factor κB; TAB, TAK1 binding protein; TAK1, transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1; TRAF6, tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6.