Table 4.
Association of cross-classified cumulative average dietary pattern and BMI with multiple myeloma risk in women
|
|
Healthiest |
Medium |
Unhealthiest |
|---|---|---|---|
| Presumed healthy dietary patterns* | Tertile 3 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 1 |
| AHEI-2010 | |||
| BMI<25 | |||
| Cases | 34 | 38 | 24 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1 (reference)* | 1.34 (0.84 to 2.14) | 0.96 (0.56 to 1.62) |
| BMI≥25 | |||
| Cases | 39 | 40 | 40 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.36 (0.86 to 2.16) | 1.27 (0.80 to 2.01) | 1.35 (0.85 to 2.14) |
| aMED | |||
| BMI<25 | |||
| Cases | 32 | 38 | 26 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1 (reference)* | 1.21 (0.75 to 1.95) | 0.94 (0.55 to 1.61) |
| BMI≥25 | |||
| Cases | 40 | 37 | 42 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.38 (0.86 to 2.20) | 1.14 (0.71 to 1.85) | 1.30 (0.81 to 2.11) |
| DASH | |||
| BMI<25 | |||
| Cases | 33 | 35 | 28 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1 (reference)* | 1.22 (0.76 to 1.98) | 1.11 (0.66 to 1.85) |
| BMI≥25 | |||
| Cases | 44 | 35 | 40 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.47 (0.93 to 2.31) | 1.12 (0.69 to 1.81) | 1.43 (0.89 to 2.28) |
| Prudent | |||
| BMI<25 | |||
| Cases | 30 | 31 | 35 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1 (reference)* | 1.07 (0.64 to 1.79) | 1.21 (0.72 to 2.02) |
| BMI≥25 | |||
| Cases | 42 | 38 | 39 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.33 (0.83 to 2.14) | 1.21 (0.74 to 1.98) | 1.41 (0.85 to 2.33) |
|
| |||
| Presumed unhealthy dietary patterns* | Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 |
|
| |||
| Western | |||
| BMI<25 | |||
| Cases | 37 | 38 | 21 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1 (reference)* | 1.29 (0.81 to 2.06) | 0.91 (0.50 to 1.66) |
| BMI≥25 | |||
| Cases | 34 | 47 | 38 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.05 (0.66 to 1.68) | 1.51 (0.97 to 2.36) | 1.34 (0.79 to 2.26) |
| EDIP | |||
| BMI<25 | |||
| Cases | 28 | 37 | 31 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1 (reference)* | 1.56 (0.95 to 2.56) | 1.89 (1.13 to 3.16) |
| BMI≥25 | |||
| Cases | 36 | 37 | 46 |
| HR (95% CI) | 2.00 (1.21 to 3.28) | 1.50 (0.92 to 2.47) | 1.67 (1.04 to 2.69) |
| EDIR | |||
| BMI<25 | |||
| Cases | 34 | 43 | 19 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1 (reference)* | 1.60 (1.01 to 2.52) | 1.06 (0.59 to 1.90) |
| BMI≥25 | |||
| Cases | 38 | 36 | 45 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.74 (1.09 to 2.78) | 1.29 (0.80 to 2.07) | 1.43 (0.90 to 2.27) |
| EDIH | |||
| BMI<25 | |||
| Cases | 34 | 36 | 26 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1 (reference)* | 1.46 (0.90 to 2.36) | 1.62 (0.94 to 2.78) |
| BMI≥25 | |||
| Cases | 38 | 42 | 39 |
| HR (95% CI) | 1.75 (1.10 to 2.78) | 1.52 (0.96 to 2.40) | 1.41 (0.87 to 2.30) |
All models adjusted for age in years and cumulative average energy intake (continuous). Reference group is those with low BMI and the healthiest dietary pattern. For the presumed healthy dietary patterns in the top half of the table, the reference group includes participants with a low BMI and a dietary pattern score in the highest tertile (eg, greatest adherence to the healthy dietary pattern), whereas the highest-risk group includes participants with a higher BMI and a dietary pattern score in the lowest tertile (eg, least adherence to the healthier dietary pattern). For the presumed unhealthy dietary patterns in the lower half of the table, the reference group includes participants with a low BMI and a dietary pattern score in the lowest tertile (eg, least adherence to the less healthy dietary pattern), whereas the highest-risk group includes participants with a higher BMI and a dietary pattern score in the highest tertile (eg, greatest adherence to the less healthy dietary pattern). AHEI-2010 = alternate healthy eating index-2010; aMED = alternate Mediterranean diet; BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; DASH = dietary approaches to stop hypertension; EDIH = empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia; EDIP = empirical dietary inflammatory pattern; EDIR = empirical dietary index for insulin resistance; HR = hazard ratio.