Table 3.
Characteristics of included studies
| Author: Year | Country | Participants (n) | Gestational age (week) | Birth weight (g) | Delivery type (percentage of cesarean) | SSC duration per day (h) | SSC start | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KMC | CNC | KMC | CNC | KMC | CNC | |||||
| Roberts et al., 2000[25] | Australia | 16 | 14 | 31.7 | 31.2 | 1562 | 1481 | 77 | 1.6 | - |
| Carfoot et al., 2005[33] | UK | 102 | 102 | >38 | >38 | - | - | 28 | - | Immediately |
| Dehghani et al., 2015[34] | Iran | 27 | 26 | 34.4 | 35 | 2268.8 | 2192.2 | - | 1 h each day for 3 days | - |
| Charpak et al., 2001[35] | France | 382 | 364 | ≤32:36 ≥32:64 |
≤32:30 ≥32:70 |
1705 | 1735 | 68 | 24 h/day | - |
| Swarnkar and Vagha, 2016[18] | India | 30 | 30 | 35.4 | 35.9 | 1815.5 | 1859 | - | 8 h | Immediately |
| Gathwala et al.[36] | India | 50 | 50 | 35.4 | 35 | 1690 | 1690 | - | 6 h | - |
| Mahmood et al., 2011[37] | Pakistan | 80 | 80 | 38.9 | 38.9 | 3058 | 3036 | 0 | - | - |
| Srivastava et al., 2014[38] | US | 10 | 10 | 39.8 | 39.7 | 3734 | 3341 | - | 2 h | Immediately |
| Suman et al., 2008[39] | India | 103 | 103 | 35.3 | 35.9 | 1683.4 | 1723.6 | - | 1-2 h | Immediately |
| Ghavane et al., 2012[40] | India | 68 | 68 | 30.8 | 30.7 | 1170 | 1198 | 86 | 8 h | - |
| Nagai et al., 2011[41] | Madagascar | 29 | 26 | 36.8 | 36 | 2082.2 | 2074.3 | 25.3 | - | Immediately |
| Ramanathan et al., 2001[42] | India | 14 | 14 | 30.4 | 30.9 | 1219 | 1270.9 | 46.4 | 4 h | - |
| Acharya et al., 2014[22] | Nepal | 63 | 63 | 32.2 | 32.5 | 1385.8 | 1458.5 | - | 6 h | Immediately |
| Gouchon et al., 2010[43] | Italy | 17 | 17 | 38.6 | 38.6 | 3409 | 3305 | 100 | 2 h | Not immediately |
| Boo and Jamli, 2007[23] | Malaysia | 64 | 62 | - | - | <1501 | <1501 | - | 2.5 h | Immediately |
| Ali et al., 2009[44] | India | 58 | 56 | 33.1 | 33.6 | 1607 | 1615 | 0 | 1 h | Immediately |
| Kadam et al., 2005[24] | India | 44 | 45 | 33.3 | 34 | 1467 | 14611 | - | 9.8 h | - |
| Rojas et al., 2003[26] | US | 33 | 27 | 26.6 | 27.2 | 906 | 939 | - | 8 h | - |
KMC=Kangaroo Mother Care, CNC=Conventional neonatal care