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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Acta Biomater. 2019 Mar 28;90:225–240. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.03.053

Table 2.

Elastic and damage constitutive parameters representing mean FPA specimens in each of the six age groups. Data are provided for three constitutive models: the two-fiber-family model with damage in the collagen fibers (2F), the four-fiber-family model also with damage only in the collagen fiber families (4F-CO), and the four-fiber-family model with damage accumulation across all four phenomenological fiber families (4F).

Age group, years ≤30 31–40 41–50 51–60 61–70 71–80
Samples per group 11 9 8 36 32 8
Fits with ERR ≤ 0.05 2F 5 8 7 28 26 7
4F-CO 9 9 7 26 27 7
4F 10 8 7 31 30 8
Fits with R2 ≥ 0.9 2F 11 9 8 33 30 8
4F-CO 11 9 8 35 30 8
4F 11 8 8 31 31 8
Mean age, years 18.8 35.0 46.0 55.4 65.0 76.3
Elastic Parameters
cgr (kPa) 2F 15.36 9.64 7.14 9.06 3.77 0.77
4F-CO 9.85 9.79 6.02 6.17 1.25 16.53
4F 5.25 9.13 7.78 7.05 3.68 10.99
C1el (kPa) 4F-CO 6.36 3.08 1.50 0.53 6.54 3.72
4F 3.21 4.93 4.62 13.72 24.81 29.71
C2el 4F-CO 0.38 1.33 2.57 5.15 3.42 5.64
4F 2.40 2.30 4.82 5.19 9.29 11.43
C1smc (kPa) 4F-CO 0.67 0.21 1.76 0.62 3.15 5.93
4F 4.86 9.01 6.33 14.39 27.96 41.72
C2smc 4F-CO 1.11 1.53 1.13 2.15 0.12 3.97
4F 4.73 10.42 5.13 6.76 10.90 13.37
C1col (kPa) 2F 2.50 3.59 4.84 7.07 12.91 28.72
4F-CO 5.62 4.90 9.52 16.58 21.59 33.51
4F 11.93 3.93 5.33 3.52 1.66 10.74
C2col 2F 2.70 3.39 4.56 7.01 11.47 10.20
4F-CO 2.49 4.78 6.28 6.78 12.47 13.03
4F 0.21 4.41 4.28 7.33 9.19 10.83
φ (°) 2F 48.38 41.58 41.75 39.07 45.48 42.89
4F-CO 51.60 50.30 46.49 41.44 50.60 42.12
4F 35.40 49.53 49.05 33.44 43.74 34.20
Damage Parameters
γ (kPa) 2F 25.85 25.32 24.38 21.66 15.08 15.31
4F-CO 22.21 18.61 18.06 19.41 14.11 14.06
γcol (kPa) 4F 99.61 19.84 23.63 22.09 21.35 8.77
γel (kPa) 25.43 40.92 24.13 23.09 15.85 16.97
γsmc (kPa) 19.35 11.40 20.10 18.76 13.09 13.25
βs 2F 35.15 39.26 32.75 19.15 14.30 17.91
4F-C0 46.51 43.61 28.30 21.12 14.96 18.23
βscol 4F 4.27 48.06 34.53 27.23 43.41 48.45
βsel 39.25 0.88 42.53 22.64 14.98 16.45
βssmc 14.89 1.69 25.61 15.75 18.04 15.41