Table 1.
Study characteristics of muscular strength exercises.
| References | N | Drop-outs (N;%) | Gender | Age | Experience with ST | Mode of tDCS application | Design |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattari et al., 2016 | a-tDCS = 10 sham = 10 |
None | a-tDCS = 10 (M) sham = 10 (M) |
26.5 (±5.0) | >6 months | Offline | Crossover |
| Lattari et al., 2017 | a-tDCS = 10 sham = 10 |
None | a-tDCS = 10 (M) sham = 10 (M) |
22.1 (±3.8) | 47.8 ± 22.7 months | Offline | Crossover |
| Lattari et al., 2018b | a-tDCS = 15 sham = 15 |
None | a-tDCS = 15 (F) sham = 15 (F) |
24.5 (±3.3) | >1 year | Offline | Crossover |
| Hazime et al., 2017 | a-tDCS = 8 sham = 8 |
None | a-tDCS = 8 (F) sham = 8 (F) |
19.7 (±2.3) | Handball athletes (31 weeks of ST) | Offline | Crossover |
| Vargas et al., 2018 | a-tDCS = 20 sham = 20 |
None | a-tDCS = 20 (F) sham = 20 (F) |
16.1 (±0.9) | >5 years of training in soccer (not reported with ST) | Online | Crossover |
| Sales et al., 2016 | a-tDCS = 19 sham = 19 |
None | a-tDCS = 19 (M) sham = 19 (M) |
25.1 (±3.9) | Physically active (not reported with ST) | Online | Crossover |
| Cogiamanian et al., 2007 | a-tDCS = 9 control = 15 |
None | a-tDCS = 5 (F) and 4 (M) control = 9 (F) and 6 (M) |
24.3 | None of the subjects were engaged in competitive sport activities specifically involving elbow flexor muscles | Offline | Parallel |
| Frazer et al., 2017 | a-tDCS = 13 sham = 13 |
None | a-tDCS = 5 (F) and 8 (M) sham = 5 (F) and 8 (M) |
18–35 | Not reported | Offline | Crossover |
| Hendy and Kidgell, 2014 | a-tDCS = 10 sham = 10 |
None | a-tDCS = 5 (F) and 5 (M) sham = 5 (F) and 5 (M) |
25.9 ± 1.3 | Not reported | Online | Crossover |
| Williams et al., 2013 | a-tDCS = 18 sham = 18 |
None | a-tDCS = 9 (M) and 9 (F) sham = 9 (M) and 9 (F) |
25 ± 6 | 9 active/9 low active | Offline | Crossover |
| Angius et al., 2016 | a-tDCS = 9 sham = 9 |
None | a-tDCS = 9 (M) sham = 9 (M) |
23.0 (±2.0) | Recreationally active (not reported with ST) | Offline | Crossover |
| Kan et al., 2013 | a-tDCS = 15 sham = 15 |
None | a-tDCS = 15 (M) sham = 15 (M) |
27.7 (±8.4) | Not reported | Offline | Crossover |
| Abdelmoula et al., 2016 | a-tDCS = 11 sham = 11 |
None | a-tDCS = 3 (F) and 8 (M) sham = 3 (F) and 8 (M) |
25.0 ± 1.8 | Not reported | Offline | Crossover |
| Tanaka et al., 2009 | a-tDCS = 10 sham = 10 |
2 (20%) | a-tDCS = 8 (M) and 2 (F) sham = 8 (M) and 2 (F) |
23.8 (20–35) | Not reported | Online | Crossover |
| Montenegro et al., 2015 | a-tDCS = 14 sham = 14 |
None | a-tDCS = 14 (M) sham = 14 (M) |
26.0 (±4.0) | > 6 months | Offline | Crossover |
| Flood et al., 2017 | a-tDCS = 12 sham = 12 |
None | a-tDCS = 12 (M) sham = 12 (M) |
24.4 ± 3.8 | Recreationally active | Offline | Crossover |
| Ciccone et al., 2018 | a-tDCS = 20 sham = 20 |
None | a-tDCS = 10 (M) and 10 (F) sham = 10 (M) and 10 (F) |
21.0 (±1.5) | Recreationally active (not reported with ST) | Online | Crossover |
| Radel et al., 2017 | a-tDCS = 22 sham = 22 |
None | a-tDCS = 13 (M) and 9 (F) sham = 13 (M) and 9 (F) |
21.3 ± 0.4 | Not reported | Online | Crossover |
N, number of participants; M, male; F, female; %, percentage; ST, Strength training; >, greater.