Chayani 2004.

Clinical features and settings	Presenting signs and symptoms: Specific symptoms: rigor, chills, rise of high temperature and profuse sweating; or irregular fever, joint pain and jaundice Previous treatment for malaria: No explicit exclusions based on previous treatment and no information presented on previous treatment. Clinical setting: Diagnostic and research centre (takes referrals from physicians for the diagnosis of malaria) Country: Orissa, India Malaria endemicity: Not stated Malaria endemic species: In sample, 78.6% P. falciparum, 21.4% P. vivax
Participants	Sample size: 232 Age: Not mentioned, either as inclusion criteria or characteristic of participants Sex: Not mentioned, either as inclusion criteria or characteristic of participants Co‐morbidities and pregnancy: Not mentioned, either as inclusion criteria or characteristic of participants Parasite density of microscopy positive cases: Not presented
Study design	Enrollment was prospective. The sampling method was unclear. One RDT was evaluated.
Target condition and reference standard(s)	Target condition: Malaria parasitaemia Reference standard: Microscopy thick and thin blood smear Person(s) performing microscopy: Microscopists Microscopy setting: Diagnostic and research centre Number of high power fields examined before declaring negative: 200 Number of observer or repeats: Two independent observers Resolution of discrepancies between observers: A third microscopist's opinion was taken into account
Index and comparator tests	Commerical name of RDT: OptiMAL (DiaMed AG, Cressier, Switzerland) Parasite(s) designed to detect:P. falciparum or mixed infection, non‐falciparum malaria species only Designated Type: Type 4 Batch numbers: Not stated Transport and storage conditions: Not described Person(s) performing RDT: Not stated RDT setting: Not stated
Follow‐up	Not applicable
Notes	Source of funding: Not stated
Table of Methodological Quality
Item	Authors' judgement	Description
Representative spectrum? All tests	Unclear	All participants were attending an ambulatory clinic with rigor, chills, rise of high temperature and profuse sweating; or irregular fever, joint pain and jaundice. However the sampling method was not described.
Acceptable reference standard? All tests	Yes	Two independent microscopists viewed 200 high powered fields before declaring a slide negative
Partial verification avoided? All tests	Yes	All participants who received the index test also received the reference test
Differential verification avoided? All tests	Yes	The same reference test was used regardless of the index test results
Incorporation avoided? All tests	Yes	The index test does not form part of the reference standard
Reference standard results blinded? All tests	Unclear	Blinding not described
Index test results blinded? All tests	Unclear	Blinding not described
Uninterpretable results reported? All tests	Unclear	The number of participants originally enrolled in the study was not explicitly stated; therefore it is not possible to judge whether any were excluded from the analysis due to invalid test results
Withdrawals explained? All tests	Unclear	The number of participants originally enrolled in the study was not explicitly stated; therefore it is not possible to judge whether there were any withdrawals