Study	Reason for exclusion
Adam 1994	Not a clinical trial; review (not systematic).
Amdekar 1985	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Autret 1994	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Autret 1997	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Baker 1987	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Brown 1992	No relevant outcome compared between paracetamol and placebo.
Carley 1999	Review article; not randomized controlled trial.
Catti 1990	No physical methods or placebo group.
Colgan 1957	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Cullen 1989	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
D'Apuzzo 1992	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Duhamel 1993	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Eden 1967	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Eskerud 1991	Not randomized controlled trial; a survey.
Fasan 1980	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention; drug combined with chloroquine.
Fruthaler 1964	Review article (not systematic); not a trial.
Fusi 1991	Paracetamol in both arms of trial.
Gianiorio 1993	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Goyal 1998	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Houry 1999	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Ismail 1995	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention; adults included.
Joshi 1990	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Keinanen 1977	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention; not randomized.
Krishna 1995a	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention; adults included.
Krishna 1995b	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention; adults included.
Lal 2000	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Lesko 1995	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Lesko 1997	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Lewis 1988	Participants not febrile at onset; prophylactic use.
Mahar 1994	Not compared with placebo or no intervention; paracetamol in both arms of trial.
Maison 1998	Not randomized controlled trial.
McIntyre 1996	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Moreno Martinez 1995	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Nahata 1984	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Newman 1985	Participants in the same arm of study received either aspirin or paracetamol; not analysed in subgroups of types of drugs received.
Nwanyanwu 1999	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Pasquale 1993	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Polidori 1993	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Purssell 2000	Review (not systematic); not a trial.
Schnaiderman 1993	No placebo or physical methods arm; paracetamol in both arms.
Sharber 1997	Paracetamol given to participants in both arms of trial.
Sheth 1980	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Sidler 1990	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Simila 1976	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Steele 1972	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Sugimura 1994	Not randomized controlled trial, not compared with physical methods or placebo.
Ugazio 1993	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Uhari 1995	Paracetamol combined with another drug or placebo.
Ulukol 1999	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Van Esch 1995	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Vauzelle‐Kervroedan	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Vernon 1979	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Walker 1993	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Walson 1990	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Walson 1992	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Weippl 1985	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Wessie 1987	Not compared with physical methods or placebo or no intervention.
Wilson 2000	Paracetamol used in both arms of trial.
Yaffe 1981	Review (not systematic); not a trial.