Comparison 3.

Rifampicin plus pyrazinamide versus INH

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Active TB	3	468	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.32 [0.42, 4.13]
1.1 Rifampicin plus pyrazinamide 2 months versus INH 6 months (in adults)	2	368	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.13 [0.33, 3.87]
1.2 Rifampicin plus pyrazinamide 2 months versus INH 6 months (in children)	1	100	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	3.0 [0.13, 71.92]
2 Drug‐resistant TB	1	16	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.02, 6.37]
2.1 INH resistant TB: Rifampicin plus pyrazinamide 2 months versus INH 6 months (in adults with silicosis)	1	8	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.02, 6.37]
2.2 Rifampicin resistant TB: Rifampicin plus pyrazinamide 2 months versus INH 6 months (in adults with silicosis)	1	8	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3 Adherence	4	700	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.06 [0.86, 1.29]
3.1 Rifampicin plus pyrazinamide 2 months versus INH 6 months (in adults)	3	600	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.14 [0.74, 1.77]
3.2 Rifampicin plus pyrazinamide 2 months versus INH 6 months (in children)	1	100	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.91, 1.10]
4 Treatment‐limiting adverse events (in adults)	2	368	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	3.61 [1.82, 7.19]
5 Hepatotoxicity	4	640	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	4.59 [2.14, 9.85]
5.1 Rifampicin plus pyrazinamide 2 months versus INH 6 months (in adults)	3	540	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	4.59 [2.14, 9.85]
5.2 Rifampicin plus pyrazinamide 2 months versus INH 6 months (in children)	1	100	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
6 At least one adverse event (in adults)	1	292	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.71 [1.24, 2.35]
7 Gastrointestinal Intolerance (in adults)	2	368	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.19 [1.37, 3.49]
8 Rash (in adults)	1	76	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.8 [0.35, 9.25]
9 Pruritus (in adults)	1	76	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.95 [0.83, 4.59]