Comparison 1. Monthly sulfadoxine pyrimethamine (SP) compared to standard 2‐dose SP.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Maternal anaemia: (haemoglobin less than 11g/dl)	2	604	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.97 [0.84, 1.12]
1.1 Primigravidae and secundigravidae	2	447	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.93 [0.72, 1.20]
1.2 Multigravidae (greater than 2 pregnancies)	1	157	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.98 [0.69, 1.40]
2 Low Birth Weight: birth weight less than 2.5 kg	2	624	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.88 [0.59, 1.32]
2.1 Primigravidae and secundigravidae	2	469	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.80 [0.52, 1.23]
2.2 Multigravidae	1	155	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.41 [0.57, 3.51]
3 Neonatal mortality	2	640	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.90 [0.10, 8.23]
3.1 Primigravidae and secundigravidae	1	253	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.29 [0.08, 1.05]
3.2 Primigravidae, secundigravidae and multigravidae women	1	387	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.79 [0.75, 10.37]
4 Placental parasitaemia: presence of malaria in the placental blood	2	612	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.42 [0.23, 0.76]
4.1 Primigravidae and secundigravidae	2	459	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.38 [0.21, 0.70]
4.2 Multigravidae (greater than 2 pregnancies)	1	153	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.87 [0.17, 20.23]
5 Maternal peripheral parasitaemia	2	622	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.26 [0.15, 0.45]
5.1 Primigravidae and secundigravidae	2	463	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.25 [0.14, 0.43]
5.2 Multigravidae (greater than 2 pregnancies)	1	159	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.94 [0.06, 14.75]
6 Birth weight in kilograms	2	640	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.10 [0.09, 0.11]
6.1 Primigravidae and secundigravidae	2	474	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.13 [0.12, 0.15]
6.2 Multigravidae (greater than 2 pregnancies)	1	166	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.01 [‐0.01, 0.03]
7 Maternal hemoglobin in g/dl	2	640	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.18 [0.13, 0.24]
7.1 Primigravidae and secundigravidae	2	474	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.05 [‐0.09, 0.18]
7.2 Multigravidae (greater than 2 pregnancies)	1	166	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.21 [0.15, 0.27]