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. 2011 Oct 5;2011(10):CD006689. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006689.pub2

Hamer 2007.

Methods Design: RCT
Participants Number: 456 were enrolled
Inclusion Criteria: 
 HIV positive women of any gravidity
Exclusion criteria: 
 prior adverse reaction to sulfa‐containing drugs and women aged <18 years
Interventions 1. Monthly intermittent preventive treatment using sulphadoxine‐pyrimethamine
2. Control: 2 doses of sulphadoxine‐pyrimethamine, one in 2nd trimester and the other in 3rd trimester
Outcomes 1. Placental malaria (by histology)
 2. Placental parasitaemia
 3. Peripheral parasitaemia
 4. Placental malaria
 5. Maternal anaemia at delivery
 6. LBW
 7. ADR
Not included in this review
 1. Gestational age
 2. Uncomplicated malaria
 3. Cord blood parasitaemia
Notes Location: Zambia
Date: 2003 ‐ 4
Funding: Cooperative Agreement No. S1954‐21/21
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Low risk Generation of allocation sequence: randomization was done in blocks of 20
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Low risk Allocation concealment: participants were assigned sequential ID numbers corresponding to a sealed package of trial drugs whilst randomization codes were retained in the USA 
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 Clinicians Low risk Investigators were blinded.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 Patients Low risk Trial participants were blinded.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 Technicians Low risk Laboratory/ pathologists were all blinded
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes High risk Inclusion of randomized participants in the analysis: participants with data available were analyzed and not everyone randomised
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Low risk All outcomes are included in the results section.
Other bias Low risk No other biases suspected.

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial
 HIV = Human Immonodeficiency Virus
 ADR = Adverse Drug Reactions
 CDC = Centers for Disease Control
 WHO = World Health Organization
 LBW = Low Birth Weight