Molineaux 1980

Methods	Study design: controlled before‐and‐after study Unit of allocation: village Number of units: 5:6 (control : IRS) Every 10 weeks, house‐to‐house visits were done and a thick film taken. In case of absence a second visit to the home was done. Length of follow‐up: 36 months. Drop‐out rate unknown, high levels of migration ‐ 15% to 20% per year.
Participants	IRS: 2310 Control: 1861 No explicit inclusion/exclusion criteria mentioned (all ages).
Interventions	Propoxur 50% WP; dosage 2 g/m². Three rounds of spraying were applied in 1972, starting on 1 May, 5 July and 6 September, respectively. The intervals between successive rounds in the same village were 61 to 66 days. In 1973 spraying was applied in April, June and August and in the southern part in October. The intervals between successive rounds were 56 to 66 days. Spray coverage: 74% to 100% (99% on average).
Outcomes	(1) Prevalence rate. (2) Incidence rate. (3) Infant mortality rate
Notes	Study location: Garki District in Northern Nigeria. EIR at baseline in treated villages: wet season:18 to 132; dry season: 0 (except Sugungum:13). EIR at baseline in untreated villages: wet season:17 to 37; dry season: N/A. Malaria endemicity: stable, seasonal. Main vector: Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus. Material of wall sprayed: clay. Insecticide resistance: None mentioned.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Blinding? Malaria infections	High risk
Incomplete outcome data addressed? Malaria infections	Low risk
Free of selective reporting?	Unclear risk	There is insufficient information to permit a judgement
Free of other bias?	Low risk