Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Nephrol. 2018 Dec;14(12):750–766. doi: 10.1038/s41581-018-0068-5

Figure 4: How a high-fat diet and obesity might induce hypertensive response sensitization.

Figure 4:

High-fat diet and obesity both increase circulating levels of both angiotensin II (ANG II) and leptin. Circulating ANG II and leptin act on the subfornical organ (SFO) and/or the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), both of which have projections to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Actions of ANG II and leptin in the SFO, ARC, and/or PVN activate the brain renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and inflammatory mechanisms that result in inducing sensitization by increasing synaptic efficiency in the SFO and/or PVN.