Table 1. General characteristics of participants.
| Variable | Non-CVD (n = 484) | CVD(n = 594) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male, n(%) | 202(41.74%) | 226(38.05%) | 0.218 |
| Age | 56.44 ± 11.83 | 62.51 ± 11.06 | <0.001 |
| Marital status, n(%) | 0.321 | ||
| Married/cohabitation | 424(87.60%) | 508(85.52%) | |
| Single/divorcement | 60(12.40%) | 86(14.48%) | |
| Education, n(%) | 0.430 | ||
| Junior high school and below | 432(89.26%) | 521(87.71%) | |
| High school and above | 52(10.74%) | 73(12.29%) | |
| BMI(kg/m2) | 24.67 ± 3.43 | 26.18 ± 3.68 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 118.48 ± 10.62 | 141.85 ± 17.69 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 75.18± 7.42 | 85.23 ± 10.51 | <0.001 |
| 25(OH)D (ng/ml) | 25 ± 19 | 24 ± 18 | 0.203 |
| Smoking, n(%) | |||
| Never | 340(70.25%) | 442(74.41%) | 0.128 |
| Current/former | 144(29.75%) | 152(25.59%) | |
| Drinking, n(%) | 0.021 | ||
| Yes | 91(18.80%) | 81(13.64%) | |
| No | 393(81.20%) | 513(86.36%) | |
| High-fat diet, n(%) | 0.091 | ||
| <25g/d | 383(79.13%) | 494(83.16%) | |
| ≥25g/d | 101(20.87%) | 100(16.84%) | |
| Tea, n(%) | 62(12.81%) | 75(12.63%) | 0.928 |
| Physical activity, n(%) | <0.001 | ||
| Mild | 175(36.16%) | 300(50.51%) | |
| Moderate | 81(16.73%) | 101(17.00%) | |
| Severe | 228(47.11%) | 193(32.49%) | |
| WHR | 0.89 ± 0.07 | 0.92 ± 0.07 | <0.001 |
| Abnormal WHR, n(%) | 327(67.56%) | 473(79.63%) | <0.001 |
| WHtR | 0.54 ± 0.06 | 0.57 ± 0.07 | <0.001 |
| Abnormal WHtR, n(%) | 347(71.69%) | 507(85.35%) | <0.001 |
| T2DM | 128(26.45%) | 222(37.37%) | <0.001 |
| GLU(mmol/l) | 6.10 ± 2.89 | 6.35 ± 2.67 | 0.131 |
| TG(mmol/l) | 4.60 ± 1.01 | 4.75 ± 0.99 | 0.016 |
| TC(mmol/l) | 1.67 ± 1.18 | 1.95 ± 1.51 | 0.001 |
| HDL-C(mmol/l) | 1.23 ± 0.31 | 1.25 ± 0.33 | 0.378 |
| LDL-C(mmol/l) | 2.61 ± 0.80 | 2.68 ± 0.78 | 0.171 |
Values are mean ± standard deviation or n (%).
CVD: cardiovascular disease, BMI: body mass index, SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, WHR: waist-to-hip ratio, WHtR: waist-to-height ratio, T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus, GLU: glucose, TG: triglycerides, TC: total cholesterol, HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein, LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein.