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. 2019 May 6;21(5):e11860. doi: 10.2196/11860

Table 3.

Means, SDs, effect sizes (Cohen d), and reliable change for primary and secondary outcomes (N=27).

Questionnaire Estimated mean (SD) Effect sizes (estimated mean [95% CI]), pre to post effect size Reliable change
Pre Post Follow-up Pre to post RCIa Pre to follow-up RCI
CES-Db 22.44 (5.18) 13.56 (6.48) 12.19 (7.94) 1.51 (0.89 to 2.09) 74 78
GHQ-12c 16.07 (5.41) 9.63 (4.39) 11.94 (7.12) 1.31 (0.70 to 1.87) 63 52
AAQ-IId 26.15 (8.87) 20.71 (8.85) 18.63 (9.71) 0.59 (0.02 to 1.14) e
AnTif 44.33 (10.22) 36.46 (10.45) 36.25 (11.59) 0.72 (0.14 to 1.27)
PSWQ-3g 7.63 (2.50) 6.67 (2.76) 6.50 (2.97) 0.37 (−0.19 to 0.91)

aRCI: reliable change index.

bCES-D: Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale.

cGHQ-12: general health questionnaire (12-item version).

dAAQ-II: Acceptance and Actions Questionnaire.

eNot applicable.

fAnTi: Anxious Thoughts Inventory.

gPSWQ-3: Penn State Worry Questionnaire (ultra-short version).