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. 2019 May 23;9:7765. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44185-4

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Cytokinin levels and growth of wild-type, ipt3 ipt5 ipt7 and cyp735a1 cyp735a2 seedlings exposed to high CO₂. (a,b) The concentration of iP-type cytokinin (CK) precursors (a) and tZ-type CK precursors (b) in shoots and roots of wild-type (Col-0), ipt3 ipt5 ipt7 (ipt357) and cyp735a1 cyp735a2 (cypDM) plants exposed to 280 ppmv (280) or 780 ppmv (780) CO₂ for 24 h. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (**p < 0.01; *p < 0.05; Student’s t-test). The concentrations of cytokinin molecular species are shown in Supplementary Table S7. (c,d) Fresh-weight (c) and relative growth rate (RGR) (d) of 19-day-old wild type (Col-0), ipt3 ipt5 ipt7 (ipt357), and cyp735a1 cyp735a2 (cypDM) seedlings treated under 280 ppmv (280) or 780 ppmv (780) CO₂ for seven days. (d) RGR was calculated using the fresh weight (FW) data obtained previously (Supplementary Fig. S5) and after (c) low or high CO₂ treatment. (e,f) Shoot growth of soil-grown wild-type, ipt3 ipt5 ipt7 and cyp735a1 cyp735a2 plants under low or high CO₂. (e) Relative growth rates (RGR) of shoots of Col-0, ipt357, and cypDM grown under 280 or 780 on soil. Dry weights of shoots shown in Supplementary Fig. 6b were used to calculate the RGR. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (**p < 0.001; *p < 0.01; not significant (ns), p > 0.01; two-way ANOVA). (f) Rosette leaf number of Col-0, ipt357, and cypDM counted at 31 DAG. Error bars represent standard deviations (a, n = 3; b, n = 3; c, n = 9; f, n = 10) and standard error (d, n = 9; e, n = 9). Lower-case letters denote statistically significant classes (Tukey’s HSD test, p < 0.05).